In order to explore the distribution of residual chloride ions in reinforced concrete structures after electrochemical chlorine removal in the salt-frozen environment，a rapid freeze-thaw test was designed and electrochemical chloride extraction tests of reinforced concrete after freeze-thaw cycles were carried out. The influence of freeze-thaw cycles，chlorination time and fly ash content on the electrochemical chloride extraction of the reinforced concrete was studied. Studies showed that the electrochemical chloride extraction efficiency of fly ash concrete can be affected by the combined impact of the freeze-thaw action and secondary hydration of fly ash. The deterioration of concrete performance caused by freeze-thaw cycle can lead to the convex distribution of residual chloride ions in concrete after electrochemical chloride extraction. After electrochemical chlorine removal，the residual chloride ions in concrete present a convex distribution trend and gathered in the depth of 15-25 mm from the concrete surface. And the content of residual chloride ions near the reinforcement bar is the lowest.The results show that the freeze-thaw action leads to the increase of average dechlorination efficiency of concrete. Compared with the specimens without freeze-thaw attacking，the average dechlorination efficiency of concrete after 100 freeze-thaw cycles increases by about 12.5%. With the electrochemical chlorine removal time increasing，the average chlorine removal efficiency increases，and the decrease of residual chlorine ions content in concrete is positively correlated with the total amount of external migration. With the fly ash content increasing，the dechlorination efficiency of concrete increases. The 28-day average dechlorination efficiency with fly ash content of 10%，20% and 30% can reach 51.2%，54.5% and 59.9%，respectively.