污染控制技术及原理
林学政,沈继红,杜宁,王能飞,高爱国.北极海洋沉积物石油降解菌的筛选及系统发育分析[J].环境科学学报,2009,29(3):536-541
北极海洋沉积物石油降解菌的筛选及系统发育分析
- Screening and phylogenetic analysis of petroleum-degrading bacteria in sediments from the Arctic Ocean
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金(No.40576060);中国极地科学战略研究基金资助项目
- 作者
- 单位
- 林学政
- 1. 国家海洋局第一海洋研究所, 青岛 266061; 2. 国家海洋局海洋生物活性物质重点实验室, 青岛 266061; 3. 青岛天然产物研究与开发重点实验室, 青岛 266061
- 沈继红
- 青岛天然产物研究与开发重点实验室, 青岛 266061
- 杜宁
- 1. 国家海洋局第一海洋研究所, 青岛 266061; 2. 国家海洋局海洋生物活性物质重点实验室, 青岛 266061; 3. 青岛天然产物研究与开发重点实验室, 青岛 266061
- 王能飞
- 1. 国家海洋局第一海洋研究所, 青岛 266061; 2. 国家海洋局海洋生物活性物质重点实验室, 青岛 266061; 3. 青岛天然产物研究与开发重点实验室, 青岛 266061
- 高爱国
- 国家海洋局第一海洋研究所, 青岛 266061
- 摘要：从中国第二次北极科学考察采集的海洋沉积物中经富集培养、分离筛选得到了26株石油降解菌.研究表明,分离到的石油降解菌均可在以石油为唯一碳源和能源的无机营养盐培养基中生长,其中菌株P18、P28和P29生长最佳.当培养基中石油含量为2g·L-1时,于5℃下振荡培养14d,3株菌株的石油降解率可分别达到30.96%、34.85%和51.28%.分离到的石油降解菌绝大部分(25/26)能分泌胞外脂肪酶,表明其石油降解能力与产脂肪酶能力有着较强的相关性.分子鉴定与系统发育分析表明,分离到的石油降解菌除P31和P32属于细菌域(Bacteria)拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)的黄杆菌纲(Flavobacteria)外,其余均属于细菌域(Bacteria)变形杆菌门(Proteobacteria)的γ-变形杆菌纲(γ-Proteobacteria),其中包括交替单胞菌目(Alteromonadales)的假交替单胞菌属(Pseudoalterom onas)、科尔韦尔氏菌属(Colwellia)、希瓦氏菌属(Shewanella),弧菌目(Vibrionales)的发光杆菌属(Photobacterium),假单胞菌目(Pseudom onadales)的假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)和海螺菌目(Oceanospirillales)的盐单胞菌属(Halomonas).分离到的石油降解菌以假交替单胞菌属为优势菌群,其比例可达42%.
- Abstract：Twenty-six species of petroleum-degrading bacteria were isolated by enrichment and screening from marine sediments collected during the 2nd Chinese Arctic Scientific Expedition.These strains were able to grow on petroleum as sole carbon and energy source.Strains P18,P28 and P29 had the highest growth rates.When strains P18,P28 and P29 were cultured at 5℃ in mineral medium containing 2 g·L-1 petroleum,the petroleum degradation rates after 14 days were up to 30.96%,34.85% and 51.28%,respectively.Most of the isolated petroleum-degrading bacteria secreted extracellular lipase,which indicated a relationship between the ability to produce lipase and petroleum degradation.Molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis indicated that all the strains were members of the γ subgroup of the Proteobacteria branch of the Bacteria(γ-Proteobacteria) except strains P31 and P32 which belonged to Flavobacter of Bacteroidetes.The isolates belonging to the γ-Proteobacteria included Pseudoalterom onas,Colwelli and Shewanella,from the order Alteromonadales;in addition to Photobacterium,Pseudomonas and Halomonas,which are from the orders Vibrionales,Pseudom onadales and Oceanospirillales,respectively.Pseudoalterom onas were the major species,accounting for 42% of the total isolates.
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