污染控制技术及原理
周杉,曾宪琴,张盼月,曾光明,吴珍,李娟.Novosol法固定底泥中重金属研究[J].环境科学学报,2010,30(1):111-116
Novosol法固定底泥中重金属研究
- Heavy metal immobilization in dredged sediments by the Novosol process
- 基金项目：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项资助课题(No.2009ZX07212-001-02);2006新世纪优秀人才支持计划(No.531105050030)
- 作者
- 单位
- 周杉
- 湖南大学环境科学与工程学院, 长沙 410082
- 曾宪琴
- 中蓝建设工程局, 北京 100080
- 张盼月
- 北京林业大学环境科学与工程学院, 北京 100083
- 曾光明
- 湖南大学环境科学与工程学院, 长沙 410082
- 吴珍
- 湖南大学环境科学与工程学院, 长沙 410082
- 李娟
- 湖南大学环境科学与工程学院, 长沙 410082
- 摘要：采用Novosol法处理河道疏浚底泥,固定底泥中的重金属,并研究了磷酸投加量、烧结温度和烧结时间对底泥重金属浸出的影响.研究结果表明,Novosol法处理底泥适宜的磷酸投加量为0.17mol·kg-1,烧结温度为700℃,烧结时间为2h.采用毒性浸出方法(TCLP)浸取处理底泥,浸出液中Cd、Zn和Pb的浸出浓度均远远低于危险废物鉴别标准——浸出毒性鉴别(GB 5085.3-2007)规定的限值.稳定浸出液pH为5时,优化条件下Novosol法处理后底泥中Cd、Zn、Pb的浸出量比原底泥的浸出量分别降低了77.4%、53.9%和39.4%.底泥中Zn和Cd的浸出受pH影响较大,当浸出液pH降到6以下时,Zn和Cd的浸出浓度显著增加;而底泥中的Pb由于在Novosol法处理过程转化成极为稳定的磷酸盐矿物结构,受pH影响较小.
- Abstract：We studied heavy metal immobilization in dredged sediments using the Novosol process. The influences of phosphate acid dosage,sintering temperature,and sintering time were investigated by evaluating the heavy metal leachability from the treated sediments. The optimal conditions were as follows: phosphate acid dosage of 0.17 mol·kg-1,sintering temperature of 700 ℃,and sintering time of 2 h. The leachability was tested with the standard Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP),and the concentrations of Cd,Zn and Pb in leachates were much lower than the limits in the national standard (GB 5085.3-2007). With a constant leachate pHof 5,the leached amount of Cd,Zn and Pb from the treated sediments by the Novosol process decreased by 77.4%,53.9% and 39.4% respectively,compared to that from the raw sediments. The leaching efficiency of Zn and Cd was significantly influenced by the leachate pH;Zn and Cd concentrations in the leachates obviously increased when the leachate pHwas lower than 6. On the other hand,Pb leaching was hardly influenced by the leachate pH,because Pb was transformed into stable mineral phases.
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