特别选题:海河流域河流水污染特征与治理途径
张洪,林超,雷沛,单保庆,赵钰.海河流域河流富营养化程度总体评估[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(8):2336-2344
海河流域河流富营养化程度总体评估
- Evaluation of river eutrophication of the Haihe River Basin
- 基金项目：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(No. 2012ZX07203-006)
- 作者
- 单位
- 张洪
- 中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境水质学国家重点实验室, 北京 100085
- 林超
- 水利部海河水利委员会水资源保护局, 天津 300170
- 雷沛
- 中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境水质学国家重点实验室, 北京 100085
- 单保庆
- 中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境水质学国家重点实验室, 北京 100085
- 赵钰
- 中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境水质学国家重点实验室, 北京 100085
- 摘要：以海河流域2009年地表水水质现状数据为基础,分别运用河流水体富营养化潜势和浮游植物表征河流富营养化水平.结果显示,流域河流水体中富营养盐含量相对较高,河流水体中TN、NH3-N平均含量分别为8.13、4.34 mg · L-1,分别超过《地表水环境质量标准》(GB3838—2002)Ⅴ类限值(2 mg · L-1)4倍、2倍以上.北三河水系(北运河、潮白河、蓟运河)、子牙河水系和海河干流中TN浓度超过9 mg · L-1;海河流域河流水体中TP平均含量为 0.87 mg · L-1,超过地表水Ⅴ类限值(0.4 mg · L-1)2倍以上.北三河水系、子牙河水系和黑龙港运东水系水中TP平均含量均超过1.0 mg · L-1.主要河流3%处于中或贫营养,44%处于极富营养化水平,主要分布在北三河水系、子牙河水系和漳卫河水系,表明流域河流总体呈现富营养化状态,平原段河流富营养化严重.河流治理要兼顾耗氧污染控制和营养盐控制,以改善河流水质.
- Abstract：Based on the data of surface water quality in 2009, river eutrophication level of Haihe River Basin was evaluated by using the main rivers' eutrophication potential and index of phytoplankton. The results showed that all the tested rivers of the Haihe River Basin had a relatively high nutrient content, and the average concentration of total nitrogen (TN) and ammonia (NH3-N) were 8.13 and 4.34 mg · L-1, respectively, which were 2 times higher than those of the surface water quality standard of class Ⅴ (GB3838—2002). The average concentraton of total phosphorus (TP) was 0.87 mg · L-1, which was also over 2 times higher than the water quality standard class Ⅴ (0.4 mg · L-1 for TP). All the average TP concentrations in the North Canal, Chaobai River and Jiyun River, Ziya River and Heilonggang River System exceeded 1 mg · L-1. In the spatial scale, most of the eutrophication rivers were located in the middle plain area of the Haihe River Basin. The eutrophication potential in these rivers indicated that only 3% were in oligotrophic or moderate erutrophication state, while 44% were in severe eutrophication, most of which were distributed in Beisan, Ziya and Zhangwei River System. Thus both of the oxygen consumption and nutrients mitigation should be taken into consideration for water pollution control to improve the river water quality of the whole basin.
摘要点击次数： 1754 全文下载次数： 3418
