• 关键词：筛选  生物表面活性剂产生菌  生物表面活性剂  堆肥

• 基金项目：国家“863”高技术资助项目(No2001AA644020);国家自然科学基金(70171055、50179011);国家杰出青年科学基金(50225926);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20020532017)资助项目;2000年教育部高等学校优秀

• 傅海燕
• 湖南大学环境科学与工程系, 长沙 410082

• 曾光明
• 湖南大学环境科学与工程系, 长沙 410082

• 黄国和
• 湖南大学环境科学与工程系, 长沙 410082

• 袁兴中
• 湖南大学环境科学与工程系, 长沙 410082

• 钟华
• 湖南大学环境科学与工程系, 长沙 410082

• 孟佑婷
• 湖南大学环境科学与工程系, 长沙 410082

• 摘要：从不同温度的堆肥过程中(45℃和55℃), 筛选了产生生物表面活性剂的菌种, 对产生的生物表面活性剂进行了定性和定量的检验.实验结果表明, Bacillussubtilis是堆肥过程中产生生物表面活性剂的主要菌种之一, 并验证了其产生的生物表面活性剂为莎梵婷等脂肽类物质.还对筛选出的优势菌种BacillussubtilisB产剂条件进行了优化, 强化了它的产剂能力, 结果表明碳源和氮源对产剂影响较大, 而Fe²⁺浓度影响较小.最后对筛选的菌种及其产生的生物表面活性剂在城市生活垃圾堆肥中的应用作了展望.

• Abstract：This study was performed to isolate biosurfactant-producing bacteria f rom composting at different fermenting temperatures, 45℃ and 55℃, and qualitat ive and quantitative characteristics of the biosurfactant were also determined. Experimental results indicated that among the biosurfactant-producing bacteria w idely existing in composting, Bacillus subtilis, whose biosurfactant was fur ther validated as some lipopeptide mixtures including surfactin, were the dominant b iosurfactant-producing strains during composting. In addition, conditions for t h e most active isolate, Bacillus subtilis B, producing lipopeptide biosurfact ant were optimized, which resulted in the enhanced production of lipopeptide biosurf actant with high activity and high concentration. The results indicated that the effect of carbon and nitrogen sources was the most significant while that of Fe ²⁺ was not dramatic. The potential application of the biosurfactant-produ cing ba cteria isolated and their biosurfactants in municipal solid waste were also prop osed.

• Key words：isolation  biosurfactant-producing bacteria  biosurfactant  composting

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