研究报告
张春秋,蒋聪,耿金菊,任洪强,张徐祥.环境浓度双氯芬酸对活性污泥处理性能和微生物群落的影响[J].环境科学学报,2019,39(10):3215-3224
环境浓度双氯芬酸对活性污泥处理性能和微生物群落的影响
- Effect of diclofenac at environmental concentration on the wastewater treatment efficiency and the microbial community in activated sludge
- 基金项目：国家自然科学基金（No.51978327，21677071）；江苏省自然科学基金（No.BK20180010，BK20161474）；国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（No.2017ZX07202003）
- 作者
- 单位
- 张春秋
- 南京大学环境学院, 污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室, 南京 210023
- 蒋聪
- 南京大学环境学院, 污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室, 南京 210023
- 耿金菊
- 南京大学环境学院, 污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室, 南京 210023
- 任洪强
- 南京大学环境学院, 污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室, 南京 210023
- 张徐祥
- 南京大学环境学院, 污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室, 南京 210023
- 摘要：双氯芬酸（Diclofenac，DCF）是水环境中高频检出的新兴污染物，随着DCF的广泛使用，城市污水中的DCF逐年增加，对污水生物处理系统可能产生不利影响.本研究在序批式活性污泥反应器（SBR）中进行了连续120 d的DCF暴露实验，考察了环境浓度DCF （5和50 μg·L-1）对SBR出水水质、微生物活性及微生物群落结构的影响.结果表明，DCF可降低COD的去除效果，但对氨氮和总氮的去除几乎没有影响.在微生物生理生化性能方面，5 μg·L-1 DCF可促进超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和琥珀酸脱氢酶（SDH）活性升高，但50 μg·L-1 DCF导致SOD和SDH活性下降，DCF胁迫使胞外聚合物（EPS）含量增加.DCF会对微生物群落结构造成影响，其中，革兰氏阴性菌丰度增加，革兰氏阳性菌在5 μg·L-1 DCF压力下丰度无明显变化，但在50 μg·L-1 DCF压力下丰度显著降低（p<0.05），微生物群落多样性在5 μg·L-1 DCF下增加但在50 μg·L-1 DCF下降低.16S rRNA基因焦磷酸测序结果表明，Proteobacteria是活性污泥群落中的优势门.随着DCF浓度的升高，Proteobacteria丰度不断增加，Chloroflexi、OD1和Firmicutes丰度则受到一定程度的抑制.高浓度DCF （50 μg·L-1）刺激导致特定菌属如Nakamurella、Micropruina等丰度增加.研究结果揭示了环境浓度的DCF对活性污泥微生物处理能力和群落结构的影响特征，可为DCF的风险评估和污水处理工艺的优化提供借鉴.
- Abstract：The wide use of diclofenac (DCF) ineluctably increases the release into wastewater. DCF increased year by year might cause potential negative effects on wastewater treatment system. To investigate the impacts of DCF on wastewater treatment efficiency and microbial community structure, the exposure experiments at three DCF levels (0, 5 and 50 μg·L-1) were conducted in sequencing batch reactors (SBR) for 120 days. Results indicated that DCF decreased the COD removal, but had no obvious effect on the ammonia and total nitrogen removal. DCF at 5 μg·L-1 could improve the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), while 50 μg·L-1 of DCF would inhibit SOD and SDH activity. The addition of DCF increased microbial extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) content. Compared to the control group, the abundance of Gram-negative bacteria increased and the abundance of Gram-positive bacteria decreased obviously (p<0.05) under addition of 50 μg·L-1 DCF. Microbial diversity increased in 5 μg·L-1 DCF but decreased in 50 μg·L-1 DCF. 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing results show that Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum in the activated sludge community. The abundance of Proteobacteria increased with the increase of DCF concentration, while Chloroflexi, OD1 and Firmicutes were inhibited. High concentrations of DCF(50 μg·L-1)led to an increase in the abundance of specific genus such as Nakamurella and Micropruina. Results contributed to DCF risk assessment and sewage treatment process optimization.
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