程曦,张利慧,李红,张玮琦,陈炫,纪元元,张玉洁.首届“一带一路”会议期间北京市典型城区空气中VOCs的污染特征及健康风险评价[J].环境科学学报,2019,39(9):2839-2851
首届“一带一路”会议期间北京市典型城区空气中VOCs的污染特征及健康风险评价
- Atmospheric VOCs in a typical urban area of Beijing: Pollution characterization and health risk during the period of the first forum on the Belt and Road Initiatives
- 基金项目：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项（No.2016YSKY-026）
- 程曦
- 1. 中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012;2. 神华准能矸电公司, 鄂尔多斯 017100
- 张利慧
- 1. 中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012;2. 中北大学环境与安全工程学院, 太原 030051
- 李红
- 1. 中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012;2. 大气环境与装备技术协同创新中心, 南京 210044
- 张玮琦
- 中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012
- 陈炫
- 中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012
- 纪元元
- 1. 中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012;2. 吉林大学地球科学学院, 长春 130061
- 张玉洁
- 中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室, 北京 100012
- 摘要：为研究"一带一路"国际合作高峰论坛在京召开期间北京市典型城区环境空气中挥发性有机物（VOCs）的污染特征及有毒有害VOCs的健康风险，本研究于2017年5月1—17日，在北京市典型城区利用Airmo VOC在线分析仪进行了观测研究.结果表明，整个观测期间总VOCs质量浓度日均值为29.99 μg·m-3；空气质量保障期间（5月6—15日），大气中VOCs的浓度低于未采取控制措施的其它阶段，沙尘阶段VOCs浓度由于受到风速和气团传输影响出现最低值；各类VOCs的质量浓度在交通早高峰出现高值.PMF来源解析表明，移动源尾气排放（37.62%）、溶剂使用源（33.25%）、油气挥发源（16.39%）和天然气燃烧源（12.74%）的排放是北京市"一带一路"会议期间环境空气中VOCs的主要来源.化学活性分析表明，芳香烃和烯烃对臭氧生成潜势贡献的占比最多，需要重点控制的VOCs物种为间&对二甲苯、甲苯和丙烯.健康风险评价结果表明，研究区整个观测期间及各阶段的苯和1，2-二氯乙烷均存在潜在的致癌风险，14种有毒有害VOCs（包括苯和1，2-二氯乙烷）不存在非致癌风险.
- Abstract：In order to study the pollution characteristics of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the ambient air and the health risks of toxic and harmful VOCs in the typical urban area of Beijing during the period of the first "Belt and Road" International Cooperation Forum, continuous observation of VOCs was carried out in typical urban areas of Beijing from May first to May 17th 2017, using an Airmo VOC online analyzer. It was found that the concentration of 84 VOCs during the entire observation period was 29.99 μg·m-3; and that the concentration of VOCs during the Forum (May 6th, 2017 to May 15th) was lower than that during the contrastive period which didn’t adopt air quality assurance measures, with the concentration of VOCs in the dust stage is the lowest due to the high wind speed and air mass transmission; the VOCs diurnal variations and the PMF analysis showed that vehicle exhaust (37.62%), solvent source (33.25%), oil and gas evaporation (16.39%) and natural gas combustion (12.74%) were the main atmospheric VOCs sources during the study period. Chemical activity analysis showed aromatic hydrocarbons accounted for the largest contributions to ozone formation potential (OFP), and m&p-xylene, toluene and propylene were the focal points to control. The health risk assessment indicated that atmospheric benzene and 1,2-dichloroethane during both the whole observation period and each stage posed potential carcinogenic risk, while the 14 toxic and harmful VOCs (including benzene and 1,2-dichloroethane) posed no non-potential carcinogenic risk.
摘要点击次数： 1009 全文下载次数： 1263
