| 2008~2012年上海黑碳浓度变化特征分析 |
| 摘要点击 3426 全文点击 1660 投稿时间：2013-08-29 修订日期：2013-11-08 |
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| 中文关键词 黑碳气溶胶 平均质量浓度 5年观测 日变化 上海 |
| 英文关键词 black carbon aerosols mean mass concentration 5-year observation diurnal variation Shanghai |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 采用上海市城市环境气象中心2008~2012年黑碳质量浓度小时平均资料，分析了上海市区黑碳质量浓度变化规律.结果表明，2008~2012年间上海黑碳平均质量浓度呈下降趋势，各年黑碳平均质量浓度从（4045.3±3375.4） ng·m-3降至（2766.2±2078.9） ng·m-3，观测期间的逐年变化率分别为2.3%、-6.5%、-18.7%和-12.1%.与其它大城市相比，黑碳平均质量浓度为中等偏低水平.从年平均变化看，11和12月的5年平均质量浓度最高，分别为5426.6 ng·m-3和5365.3 ng·m-3，其次为1、6和10月，分别为4402.5、3763.3和3412.7 ng·m-3.工作日和休息日的5年平均日变化均呈明显双峰结构，两峰分别出现在北京时间07：00~10：00和18：00~22：00，工作日第一峰高于第二峰，休息日则相反.5年间，工作日黑碳平均质量浓度较休息日高9%.此外，根据有效观测数据，通过回归整理，给出了一个5年平均黑碳质量浓度日变化的逐时经验函数，以方便估计和预测黑碳浓度水平. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The variations of black carbon (BC) mass concentration in Shanghai are analyzed and discussed by using hourly averaged data monitored continuously at Shanghai Urban Environmental Meteorological Center from January 2008 to December 2012.The results show that the annual mean mass concentration of BC decreased from (4045.3±3375.4) ng·m-3 in 2008 to (2766.2±2078.9) ng·m-3 in 2012,and the annual changes are 2.3%,-6.5%,-18.7% and -12.1%,respectively.The yearly averaged BC mass concentration in Shanghai is on the low side of middle-level compared with other mega-cities of China.According to the test data,the highest monthly averaged concentration of BC appeared in November and December,which were 5426.6 ng·m-3 and 5365.3 ng·m-3,respectively,and then in January,June and October,which were 4402.5, 3763.3 and 3412.7 ng·m-3,respectively.The diurnal cycles of the BC mass concentration show that there are two obvious peaks during morning 07:00-10:00 and during evening 18:00-22:00 Beijing time (BT),and the first peak was higher than the second on weekdays,but opposite on weekends and holidays.The daily mean mass concentration of BC was 9% higher on weekdays than on weekends and holidays.In addition,an empirical equation is obtained for daily BC concentration estimation and prediction using all the effective test data during the 5-year observation period and employing the regression analysis. |
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