| 华北典型工矿城镇土壤重金属来源解析及潜在生态风险评价 |
| 摘要点击 1275 全文点击 367 投稿时间：2022-11-17 修订日期：2022-12-05 |
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| 中文关键词 土壤重金属 源解析 空间分布 正定矩阵因子分解(PMF) 潜在生态风险 |
| 英文关键词 heavy metals source apportionment spatial distribution positive matrix factorization (PMF) potential ecological risk |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 梁家辉 | 中国环境科学研究院, 北京 100012
生态环境部土壤与农业农村生态环境监管技术中心, 北京 100012 | 15810886638@163.com | | 田亦琦 | 中国环境科学研究院, 北京 100012
生态环境部土壤与农业农村生态环境监管技术中心, 北京 100012 | | | 费杨 | 生态环境部土壤与农业农村生态环境监管技术中心, 北京 100012 | | | 刘昭玥 | 中国环境科学研究院, 北京 100012
生态环境部土壤与农业农村生态环境监管技术中心, 北京 100012 | | | 师华定 | 中国环境科学研究院, 北京 100012
生态环境部土壤与农业农村生态环境监管技术中心, 北京 100012 | shihuading@tcare-mee.cn | | 漆静娴 | 生态环境部土壤与农业农村生态环境监管技术中心, 北京 100012 | | | 莫莉 | 生态环境部土壤与农业农村生态环境监管技术中心, 北京 100012 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为掌握典型工矿城镇土壤重金属状况，定量解析潜在来源，以河北省张家口市宣化区部分区域土壤为研究对象，采集并测定150个表层土壤中Cd、As、Pb、Cr、Cu、Ni和Zn这7种重金属含量；采用地累积指数法和潜在生态风险指数法评估重金属污染状况和潜在生态风险；使用主成分分析法和正定矩阵因子分解（PMF）模型对7种重金属元素进行综合污染源解析，并结合地统计学法识别各潜在源的高贡献区域.结果表明：①研究区7种重金属含量的平均值范围为0.23~103.34 mg ·kg-1，其中，Cd、Pb、Cu和Zn的含量平均值高于河北省土壤背景值，Cd污染最为严重，平均含量为背景值的2.43倍.②地累积指数和潜在生态风险指数结果显示，7种重金属污染程度依次为：Cd>Pb>Cu>Zn>Ni>As>Cr，16%点位的Cd含量处于中度污染以上水平，95%以上的点位重金属潜在生态风险处于轻度风险等级.③研究区的7种重金属积累主要来源为工业与交通的混合源、自然源和农业源，贡献率分别为33.1%、48.7%和18.2%.其中，Cd受到工业与交通的混合源和农业源的影响，Cr、Ni和As主要受自然源影响，Pb和Cu受到工业与交通的混合源和自然源的共同作用，Zn主要受工业与交通的混合源影响.主成分分析法、PMF模型与地统计学方法的有机结合，彼此印证，增加了重金属源解析结果的可信度. |
| 英文摘要 |
| To understand the status of heavy metals in soils of typical industrial and mining towns and quantitatively analyze the potential sources, the contents of seven heavy metals (Cd, As, Pb, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn) in 150 surface soils in Xuanhua District, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province were collected and examined. The geoaccumulation index and potential ecological risk index methods were used to evaluate the heavy metal pollution status and potential ecological risk. Principal component analysis (PCA) and the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model were used to comprehensively analyze the pollution sources of seven heavy metals, and geostatistics was used to identify the high contribution areas of potential sources. The results revealed that:① the average values of heavy metals in the study area ranged from 0.23-103.34 mg·kg-1, among which the average contents of Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn were higher than the soil background value of Hebei Province. ② The results of the geoaccumulation and potential ecological risk indices demonstrated that the degree of pollution of the seven heavy metals was in the following order:Cd>Pb>Cu>Zn>Ni>As>Cr, the content of Cd in 16% sites was above a moderate pollution level, and the potential ecological risk of heavy metals in more than 95% sites was at a light risk level. ③ The main sources of accumulation of the seven heavy metals in the study area were combined sources of industry and traffic, natural sources, and agricultural sources, with their contribution rates of 33.1%, 48.7%, and 18.2%, respectively. Among them, Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn were primarily affected by the combined sources of industry and transportation; Cr, Ni, and As were mainly affected by natural sources, whereas Cd and some As were affected by agricultural sources. The organic combination of PCA, PMF model, and geostatistical methods confirmed the results of each analysis, which increased the reliability of the analytical results of heavy metal sources. |
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