摘要:
利用低流量大气采样器采集了大连某高校家庭、男寝、女寝、办公室、实验室中空气样品,分析了样品中4种环状挥发性甲基硅氧烷(cyclic volatile methyl siloxanes,cVMSs):六甲基环三硅氧烷(D3)、八甲基环四硅氧烷(D4)、十甲基环五硅氧烷(D5)、十二甲基环六硅氧烷(D6)的浓度水平、组分特征及其来源,并采用美国国家环境保护局(US-EPA)健康风险评价模型对D5人体健康风险进行了评价。结果表明监测期间室内环境空气中D3、D4、D5与D6检出率均为100%,室内环境总硅氧烷(ΣcVMSs)平均浓度为(12.4±20.7) µg·m-3,范围为0.29~78.4 µg·m-3。办公室与实验室浓度水平最高的为D3,而女寝与家庭为D5,男寝为D6。由于女寝中个人护理品的频繁使用,女寝空气中ΣcVMSs浓度水平分别为男寝、家庭、办公室、实验室的46、80、27、55倍。D5对人体的非致癌危险商值范围为2.14E-04~4.31E-02,对暴露人群尚不存在明显的非致癌风险。
Abstract:
Four cyclic volatile methyl siloxanes (cVMSs), including D3 (hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane), D4 (octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane), D5 (decamethylcyclopentasiloxane) and D6 (dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane), were determined in indoor air samples collected from a university in Dalian City using a novel low-volume air sampler. A range of different microenvironments, including an apartment, a male dormitory, a female dormitory, a laboratory and an office, were investigated. The levels, profiles and sources of these compounds were measured and estimated. In addition, health risk of human exposure to D5 was assessed by US Environmental Protection Agency (US-EPA) health risk assessment model. Results showed that D3, D4, D5 and D6 were found in all the samples and the concentration (mean ± SD) of Σ4 cVMSs was measured as (12.4 ± 20.7) µg·m-3, ranging from 0.29 to 78.4 µg·m-3. D3, D5 and D6 was measured with the highest concentration in the office and the lab, the female dormitory and the apartment, and the male dormitory respectively. The concentration of Σ4 cVMSs in the female dormitory was measured as 46, 80, 27 and 55 times higher than that in the male dormitory, the apartment, the office and the lab, respectively. Possible explanations include the relatively frequent uses of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PCPs) by female students. Non-cancer hazard quotient (HQ) for D5 was estimated as from 2.14E-04 to 4.31E-02, indicating that no non-cancer health risks exist for the exposed population.
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