| 长沙市近郊莲花镇土壤重金属生态风险评价 |
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| 引用本文： | 崔勇,柏连阳,龙岳林,杨凯钦.长沙市近郊莲花镇土壤重金属生态风险评价[J].环境工程,2020,38(5):202-209. |
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| 作者姓名： | 崔勇 柏连阳 龙岳林 杨凯钦 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 湖南农业大学 园艺园林学院, 长沙 410128; |
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| 摘 要： | 选择长沙市近郊的莲花镇作为研究对象,采集了镇域范围内54个土壤样品,运用综合的生态风险评价方法对Hg、Cd、As、Pb、Cr 5种土壤重金属元素污染程度及对人体的健康危害程度进行评价。结果表明:1)5种重金属元素的污染程度排序为Cd > Hg > Pb > As > Cr,Cd呈现重度污染;Cd和Pb空间变异显著,其来源受人为干扰程度高。2)5种重金属元素的潜在生态危害排序为Cd > Hg > As > Pb > Cr,Cd和Hg处于强生态危害程度,是研究区域土壤重金属污染的主要因子;研究区域综合潜在生态风险达到强生态危害等级。3)"手-口"摄入是土壤重金属暴露的主要途径,儿童的非致癌暴露剂量远大于成人。5种重金属对儿童和成人所产生的非致癌风险商和非致癌风险指数均<1,不存在非致癌健康风险。4)Cr的致癌风险指数>10-4,具有极高的致癌风险;Cd和As的致癌风险指数为10-6~10-4,处于可以接受的风险范围。Cr、As的污染有不断加剧的趋势,成为影响人体健康的主要因子,应引起关注。
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| 关 键 词： | 表层土壤 重金属污染 地积累指数 潜在生态风险 健康风险评价 莲花镇 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-03-24 |
ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS IN SOILS OF LIANHUA TOWN IN THE SUBURBS OF CHANGSHA |
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| CUI Yong,BAI Lian-yang,LONG Yue-lin,YANG Kai-qin.ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS IN SOILS OF LIANHUA TOWN IN THE SUBURBS OF CHANGSHA[J].Environmental Engineering,2020,38(5):202-209. |
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| Authors: | CUI Yong BAI Lian-yang LONG Yue-lin YANG Kai-qin |
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| Affiliation: | 1. College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;2. Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China |
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| Abstract: | In Lianhua Town, the suburb of Changsha, 54 soil samples were collected, and the contents of 5 heavy metal elements including Hg, Cd, As, Pb and Cr, were measured. A comprehensive ecological risk evaluation method was used to evaluate the pollution degree of heavy metal elements in soils and their harm to human health. The results were as follows: 1) The average contents of Cd, Hg and Pb exceeded more than 1 time of the soil background value in Hunan province, and the accumulation in the soil was more obvious; the spatial variation of Cd and Pb was significant, indicating that their sources were highly disturbed; and the pollution degree of the 5 heavy metal elements was in sequence of Cd>Hg>Pb>As>Cr. 2) The potential ecological hazard of the 5 kinds of heavy metals was in sequence of Cd>Hg>As>Pb>Cr, and Cd and Hg possessed strong ecological hazards. The average value of the comprehensive potential ecological risk index had reached strong level. Cd and Hg were the main contributors in the study regional soil pollution. 3) "Hand-mouth" intake was the main way of soil heavy metal exposure. The non-carcinogenic exposure dose for children was far greater than that of the adults; the non-carcinogenic risk were within the safe limits. 4) The risk index of Cr was as hjgh as 10-4 above, with carcinogenic risk; carcinogenic risk index of Cd and As ranged in 10-6~10-4, within an acceptable risk range. The pollution of As and Cr was found as the major factors affecting human health, and should be paid more attention to. |
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