| 锅炉协同处置危险废物过程中Pb和Cd的挥发特性 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 肖海平,陈宇,闫大海,李丽,王宁,彭政,王琪.锅炉协同处置危险废物过程中Pb和Cd的挥发特性[J].环境科学研究,2016,29(2):254-261. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 肖海平 陈宇 闫大海 李丽 王宁 彭政 王琪 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 1.华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院, 北京 102206 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 国家环境保护公益性行业科研专项(201209023)；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2014MS19) ；中挪合作项目(CHN 2150 09/059) |
| |
| 摘 要： | 为研究危险废物在锅炉协同处置过程中Pb和Cd的挥发特性,通过共燃烧和消解试验,研究了不同化合物形态下Pb、Cd的挥发率(α)、残留率(r)和表观活化能(E). 结果表明:以硫化物、氯化物、硫酸盐和氧化物存在的Pb、Cd的挥发率与温度(T)和停留时间(t)均呈正相关. 当温度低于950 ℃、停留时间为52 min时,不同化合物形态的Pb、Cd挥发率相差较大,PbCl2在800 ℃下挥发率接近64%,而PbO仅为17%；温度高于1 250 ℃、停留时间为52 min时,不同化合物形态下的Pb、Cd挥发率均大于95%,接近于完全挥发；1 400 ℃时,不同化合物形态的Pb、Cd在燃烧残渣中的残留率均低于0.3%. 结合化学反应动力学理论,对Pb、Cd在锅炉协同处置过程中的挥发特性进行动力学模拟,得到PbS、PbCl2、PbSO4、PbO 中Pb的表观活化能分别为23.64、18.44、65.79、61.35 kJ/mol,CdS、CdCl2、CdSO4、CdO中Cd的表观活化能分别为53.22、20.87、42.42、28.75 kJ/mol. 由表观活化能数据可以得出不同形态化合物的Pb、Cd挥发率随温度和停留时间变化的动力学方程α=f(T,t),并可预测锅炉协同处置危险废物过程中Pb和Cd的挥发率,确定适合锅炉协同处置的危险废物类别.
|
| 关 键 词： | Pb Cd 锅炉 协同处置 动力学 危险废物 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015/7/7 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2015/10/28 0:00:00 |
Volatilization Characteristics of Lead and Cadmium During Co-Processing of Hazardous Waste in Boilers |
| |
| XIAO Haiping,CHEN Yu,YAN Dahai,LI Li,WANG Ning,PENG Zheng and WANG Qi.Volatilization Characteristics of Lead and Cadmium During Co-Processing of Hazardous Waste in Boilers[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2016,29(2):254-261. |
| |
| Authors: | XIAO Haiping CHEN Yu YAN Dahai LI Li WANG Ning PENG Zheng and WANG Qi |
| |
| Affiliation: | School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China,School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China ;Research Institute of Solid Waste Management, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China,Research Institute of Solid Waste Management, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China,Research Institute of Solid Waste Management, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China,Research Institute of Solid Waste Management, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China,Foreign Economic Cooperation Office, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100035, China and Research Institute of Solid Waste Management, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China |
| |
| Abstract: | The volatilization characteristics of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in different chemical forms during the co-processing of hazardous waste in boilers were studied. The volatilization proportions (α), residue proportions (r) and apparent activation energies (E) of Pb and Cd in different chemical forms were determined by experiments of co-incineration and residue digestion. The results showed that the volatilization proportions of Pb and Cd in the forms of sulfide, chloride, sulfate and oxide increased with the increases of temperature (T) and residence time (t). The volatilization proportions of Pb and Cd in different chemical forms varied below 950 ℃. For example, the final volatilization proportion of PbCl2 was close to 64%, but that of PbO was only 17% at 800 ℃. When the temperature was over 1250 ℃, the final volatilization proportions of Pb and Cd in each chemical form was over 95%. The residue proportions of Pb and Cd in each chemical form were below 0.3% at 1400 ℃. The volatilization laws of Pb and Cd during co-processing in boilers were modeled by chemical reaction kinetics. The apparent activation energy of Pb in PbS, PbCl2, PbSO4 and PbO were 23.64,8.44,5.79 and 61.35 kJ/mol, respectively, while those of Cd in CdS, CdCl2, CdSO4 and CdO were 53.22,0.87,2.42 and 28.75 kJ/mol, respectively. Kinetic equations α=f(T, t) on the volatilization of Pb and Cd in different chemical forms were achieved based on the apparent activation energies. The equations can be used to predict the volatilization proportions of Pb and Cd during co-processing in boilers and determine hazardous waste categories suitable to be co-processed in boilers. |
| |
| Keywords: | Pb Cd boiler co-processing kinetics hazardous waste |
| 本文献已被 CNKI 万方数据 等数据库收录！ |
| 点击此处可从《环境科学研究》浏览原始摘要信息 |
|
点击此处可从《环境科学研究》下载全文 |
|
