| 废弃采石场植被自然恢复过程中物种多样性变化特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 王 琼,辜再元,史春华,常智慧,韩烈保.废弃采石场植被自然恢复过程中物种多样性变化特征[J].环境科学研究,2009,22(11):1305-1311. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王 琼 辜再元 史春华 常智慧 韩烈保 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.北京林业大学,北京 100083 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目，国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目，北京市科学技术委员会基金项目(D0605046040191 |
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| 摘 要： | 以浙江省舟山市的废弃采石场为例，在对植被情况进行调查的基础上，采用时空互代的方法，探讨废弃采石场植被自然恢复过程中物种多样性的变化规律. 结果表明:随着废弃地自然恢复年限的增加，植物种的组成发生较大变化，由单一的物种组成结构逐渐发展为复杂的物种组成结构，并逐渐趋于动态平衡. 在近50 a的自然恢复过程中，在样方中共出现20科40属42种植物，其中以禾本科和菊科为主. 在整个自然恢复过程中，群落物种多样性指数(H′，D)、丰富度指数(Ma，Pa)和均匀度指数(Jp，Ea)随植被恢复表现出由低至高而后又降低的变化趋势. 均匀度指数(Jp，Ea)在15～<25 a达到峰值，而多样性指数(H′，D)和丰富度指数(Ma，Pa)的峰值则出现在25～<40 a. 根据不同恢复年限群落物种种类的演替特征和物种多样性指数的变化规律，可大致将研究区废弃地植被自然恢复过程划分为初级演替期(<9 a)、初级交替期(9～<15 a)、高级交替期(15～<25 a)、高速恢复期(25～<40 a)以及恢复稳定期(40～50 a)5个演替阶段.
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| 关 键 词： | 废弃采石场 自然恢复 物种多样性 群落特征 |
| 收稿时间： | 2009/3/5 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2009/5/17 0:00:00 |
Variation Characteristics of the Species Diversity of Abandoned Quarries during Natural Restoration Process |
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| WANG Qiong,GU Zai-yuan,SHI Chun-hu,CHANG Zhi-hui and HAN Lie-bao.Variation Characteristics of the Species Diversity of Abandoned Quarries during Natural Restoration Process[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2009,22(11):1305-1311. |
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| Authors: | WANG Qiong GU Zai-yuan SHI Chun-hu CHANG Zhi-hui and HAN Lie-bao |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China2.Beijing Green Source Eco-Tech Co., Ltd., Beijing 100083, China3.Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;College of Gardening and Horticulture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China |
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| Abstract: | The vegetative condition of abandoned quarries in Zhoushan City was investigated. The variation regularity of species diversity of the abandoned quarries during natural vegetation restoration was analyzed by applying the spatio-temporal substitution method. The results indicated that with increasing years of natural restoration, the components of vegetation changed greatly in the abandoned area, changing from simple to complex, then reaching dynamic equilibrium. During nearly 50 yearsnatural restoration, 42 species, 40 genera and 20 families were found in the sample plots. The dominant species belonged to Granmineae and Compositae. During the whole restoration period, the species diversity indices (H′, D), abundance indices (M_a, P_a) and evenness indices (J_p, E_a) increased at first, then decreased. The evenness indices (J_p, E_a) reached the highest values after 15-<25 years, but the species diversity indices (H′, D) and abundance indices (M_a, P_a) reached their highest values after 25-<40 years. The natural restoration process for abandoned quarries in the study area can be divided into five stages according to the successive characteristic and variation regularity of species diversity: the primary succession stage (<9 a), the primary alternation stage (9-<15 a), the high-level alternation stage (15-<25 a), the high-level restoration stage (25-<40 a) and the stabilization restoration stage (40-50 a). |
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| Keywords: | abandoned quarry natural restoration species diversity community characteristics |
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