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| 流域、生态区和景观构架及其在海河流域生态评价中的应用 | |
| 引用本文： | 何 萍,孟 伟,王家骥,苏德毕力格,江 源,孟令尧.流域、生态区和景观构架及其在海河流域生态评价中的应用[J].环境科学研究,2009,22(12):1366-1370. |
| 作者姓名： | 何 萍 孟 伟 王家骥 苏德毕力格 江 源 孟令尧 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 中国环境科学研究院,北京,100012 2. 北京师范大学资源学院,北京,100875 3. 河北省科学院地理研究所,河北,石家庄,050011 |
| 基金项目： | 全球环境基金(GEF)项目 |
| 摘 要： | 流域、生态区和景观是评估大尺度区域生态质量的构架,阐述了三者合理结合的理论基础. 流域是解决水生态环境问题的整体性构架,但是流域研究的成果缺乏外推的依据. 生态区提供了合适的外推机制,与流域结合使用,可以解决小尺度成果的尺度上推和预测问题. 景观范围界定的主观随机性,使其可以与行政区、生态区和流域等空间范围结合,用于区域生态质量评估. 以海河流域为例,验证了流域、生态区、景观相结合的区域生态质量评估方法体系,包括3个步骤:流域生态区划分;建立以遥感影像为数据源的景观生态质量评价指标体系,并对生态区内的典型行政区开展景观生态质量评估;将评估结果外推到所在生态区. 以流域生态过程为核心整体统筹各生态区,提出上游山区水土保持、平原节水并修复河流和地下水系统、下游湿地保护并增加入海流量的水生态系统恢复对策. |
| 关 键 词： | 流域 生态区 景观 生态评估 海河流域 |
| 收稿时间： | 2009/5/9 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2009/8/25 0:00:00 |
Watershed, Ecoregion and Landscape Frameworks and Their Integrated Application in Ecological Assessment of the Hai River Basin |
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| HE Ping,MENG Wei,WANG Jia-ji,SU De-bilige,JIANG Yuan and MENG Ling-yao.Watershed, Ecoregion and Landscape Frameworks and Their Integrated Application in Ecological Assessment of the Hai River Basin[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2009,22(12):1366-1370. | |
| Authors: | HE Ping MENG Wei WANG Jia-ji SU De-bilige JIANG Yuan and MENG Ling-yao |
| Abstract: | Watershed, ecoregion and landscape frameworks are spatial frameworks used to assess large-scale regional ecological quality. This paper discusses a theoretical basis of reasonable combination of the three frameworks. Watershed has been an integral spatial framework for solving water ecological environmental problems, although research achievements regarding watersheds lack sufficient basis for extrapolation. Ecological regions provide appropriate extrapolation mechanisms, and serve for scaling up and prediction when combined with watershed. Defining a landscape is researcher-dependent. Because districts, watersheds and ecoregions can all be treated as landscapes, landscape is a suitable approach for ecological quality assessment at various scales. We took regional ecological quality assessment in Hai River Basin as a case to show how to integrate the use of watersheds, ecoregions and landscapes. The procedure includes three steps: watershed ecological regionalization, landscape assessment of pilot districts in ecoregions, and scaling up. An index of landscape assessment was built and the data were translated from RS imaging. Finally, strategic countermeasures for ecoregion conservation were put forward according to the ecological process of the whole basin. These included soil and water conservation in the mountain area, water saving and rivers and groundwater system conservation in the plain, and wetland conservation and freshwater discharge increase in the coastal zone. |
| Keywords: | watershed ecoregion landscape ecological assessment Hai River Basin |
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