| 某污染场地地下水石油烃的健康风险评估及其微生物群落分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 张皓辉,史俊祥,姜永海,贾永锋,李秀金.某污染场地地下水石油烃的健康风险评估及其微生物群落分析[J].环境科学研究,2022,35(4):1063-1071. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张皓辉 史俊祥 姜永海 贾永锋 李秀金 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.北京化工大学化学工程学院，北京 100029 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目(No.2019YFC1806204)~~； |
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| 摘 要： | 有机污染场地地下水石油烃污染问题较为普遍，对周边环境和人体健康造成一定影响. 为探究污染场地地下水环境中石油烃含量、健康风险及其与微生物群落分布关系，对天津市某污染场地地下水石油烃开展健康风险评估调查，使用气相色谱法分析石油烃浓度，利用污染场地健康与环境风险评估软件进行健康风险评估，利用高通量测序技术进行地下水微生物群落特征分析. 结果表明:①5个监测井的石油烃污染情况有显著差异，A1～A4监测井石油烃浓度较低，健康风险处于可接受水平；A5监测井石油烃浓度是其他4个监测井的60～100倍，总石油烃危害商为44.990，为可接受值的45倍，健康风险较高. ②4个监测井地下水中均含有变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)，说明这两种细菌对石油烃污染有一定耐受能力. A5监测井细菌Chao指数和Shannon-Wiener指数最高，说明细菌多样性和丰富度最高，且该监测井变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)绝对丰度均较高，说明一定浓度石油烃的存在会促进具有降解石油烃功能的细菌生长. 研究显示，一定浓度石油烃的存在使石油烃降解菌绝对丰度增加，从而增加了对石油烃的降解能力，增强了石油烃的自然衰减能力，有利于降低人体健康风险.
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| 关 键 词： | 地下水 石油烃 健康风险 微生物群落 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-06-22 |
Health Risk Assessment and Microbial Community Analysis of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Groundwater of A Contaminated Site |
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| ZHANG Haohui,SHI Junxiang,JIANG Yonghai,JIA Yongfeng,LI Xiujin.Health Risk Assessment and Microbial Community Analysis of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Groundwater of A Contaminated Site[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2022,35(4):1063-1071. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Haohui SHI Junxiang JIANG Yonghai JIA Yongfeng LI Xiujin |
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| Affiliation: | 1.College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China2.State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China |
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| Abstract: | Groundwater petroleum hydrocarbon pollution frequently occurs in organic pollutant contaminated sites, which has certain impacts on the surrounding environment and human health. In order to explore the relationship between the distribution of petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants, health risks and microbial communities, a health risk assessment of groundwater petroleum hydrocarbons in a contaminated site in Tianjin was carried out. A software named Health and Environmental Risk Assessment was used for health risk assessment. Microbial community characteristics in the groundwater were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that: (1) It was found that the groundwater petroleum hydrocarbon pollution of five monitoring wells was quite different. The concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons in A1-A4 monitoring wells was quite low, and the health risk was at an acceptable level. The concentration of A5 monitoring well was about 60-100 times higher than the other four monitoring wells. The total petroleum hydrocarbon hazard quotient was 44.990, which is 45 times of acceptable value. The health risk was relatively high, and it was likely to pose adverse impact on human health. (2) The groundwater of the four monitoring wells was rich in Proteobacteria and Firmicutes, indicating that these two bacteria have a certain tolerance to petroleum hydrocarbon pollution. The Chao index and Shannon-Wiener index of the bacteria in A5 monitoring well were the highest, indicating that the microbial diversity and absolute abundance are the highest. And there were more Proteobacteria and Firmicutes in A5 monitoring well, indicating that a certain concentration of petroleum hydrocarbon pollution will promote the growth of microorganisms that degrade petroleum hydrocarbons. The study has shown that the natural selection effect of a certain concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons will make the microorganisms that degrade petroleum hydrocarbons more abundant, promote the degradation and natural attenuation of the petroleum hydrocarbons, and reduce human health risks. |
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