| 基于无人飞机-吸附管采样技术研究化工园区大气VOCs垂直廓线 |
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| 引用本文： | 施康丽,庞小兵,李晶晶,陈浪,袁锴彬,戴上,王帅奇,陈建孟.基于无人飞机-吸附管采样技术研究化工园区大气VOCs垂直廓线[J].环境科学研究,2022,35(6):1378-1387. |
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| 作者姓名： | 施康丽 庞小兵 李晶晶 陈浪 袁锴彬 戴上 王帅奇 陈建孟 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.浙江工业大学环境学院，浙江 杭州 310014 |
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| 基金项目： | 浙江省自然科学基金重点项目(No.LZ20D050002)；;绍兴市科技计划专项项目(No.2020B33003)；;国家重点研发计划项目(No.2020YFA0607502)~~； |
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| 摘 要： | 基于无人飞机和吸附管采样技术建立了一种大气边界层VOCs的采样方法，并将该方法应用于上虞化工园区(杭州湾上虞经济技术开发区)大气VOCs垂直廓线观测研究. 使用该方法采集高空VOCs样品后，基于PAMS和TO-15混合VOCs标气，利用TD-GCMS (热脱附-气相色谱质谱联用)检测富集在吸附管上的VOCs，获得了上虞化工园区大气VOCs垂直廓线. 结果表明:①该方法测定的97种VOCs体积分数在3×10?9~30×10?9范围内线性良好，检出限范围为0.14×10?9~0.96×10?9，回收率在93.6%~124.0%之间. ②上虞化工园区大气中φ(卤代烃)、φ(芳香烃)和φ(烷烃)较高，主要污染物有十二烷、十一烷、二氯甲烷、1，2，4-三氯苯和1，4-二乙苯；不同VOCs组分具有不同的垂直廓线特征，φ(芳香烃)、φ(卤代烃)、φ(烯烃)和φ(含氧化合物)随高度的上升呈先增后降的趋势，而φ(烷烃)随高度上升不断降低. ③大部分污染物体积分数峰值出现在100 m高空，这可能与大气逆温现象有关；14:00 的φ(TVOCs)(TVOCs为总挥发性有机物)高于17:00，可能是午后高温导致有机溶剂挥发量增大所致；白天φ(VOCs)在100~300 m高空范围内下降较快，说明在该范围内可能存在较强的光化学反应，夜晚φ(VOCs)可能来自区域水平输送. ④观测期间，对大气OFP (臭氧生成潜势)贡献较大的组分为芳香烃和烯烃，主要包括1，2，3-三甲苯、1，4-二乙苯、顺式-2-丁烯和1，2，4-三甲苯. 研究显示，高浓度卤代烃及OFP贡献较高的芳香烃是上虞化工园区需首要减排的VOCs组分.
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| 关 键 词： | VOCs 无人飞机 吸附管 垂直廓线 化工园区 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-11-18 |
Vertical Profiles of Atmospheric VOCs in Chemical Industry Park Based on UAV-Adsorption Tube Sampling Technique |
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| Affiliation: | 1.College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China2.Shaoxing Ecological and Environment Monitoring Center of Zhejiang Province, Shaoxing 312000, China3.Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China |
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| Abstract: | A sampling technique of VOCs in the atmospheric boundary layer was developed based on an unmanned aerial vehicle and adsorption tubes. The sampling technique was used to study the vertical profile distribution of atmospheric VOCs in Shangyu Chemical Industrial Park (Shangyu Economic and Technological Development Zone) in Hangzhou Bay, Zhejiang Province. After sampling high-altitude VOCs, based on the mixed VOCs standard gas of PAMS and TO-15, the tubes were determined by a thermal desorption-gas chromatography mass spectrometry, and the vertical profiles of atmospheric VOCs in the Shangyu chemical industrial park were obtained. The analytical results indicate that: (1) The linearity of 97 VOCs was perfect between 3×10?9 to 30×10?9 with their detection limits in the range of 0.14×10?9 to 0.96×10?9, and their recoveries were in the range of 93.6%-124.0%. (2) In the vertical profiles of VOCs in Shangyu Chemical Industrial Park, the concentrations of halogenated hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbon and alkane were higher than other VOCs. The most abundant VOCs species were dodecane, dichloromethane, 1,4-diethylbenzene. Different VOCs showed different vertical distributions. The concentrations of aromatic hydrocarbon, halogenated hydrocarbon, alkene, and oxygenated volatile organic compounds increased first and then decreased with the increase of height, while the concentrations of alkanes decreased with the increase of height. (3) The peak values of VOCs concentrations were observed at the height of 100 m, which may be related to atmospheric inversion. The concentrations of total VOCs at 14:00 were higher than that at 17:00, which was probably caused by large volatilization of organic solvents caused by high temperature in the early afternoon. In the daytime, VOCs concentration decreased rapidly at the height of 100-300 m, indicating that there may be an active photochemical zone in this range, and VOCs may diffuse horizontally in this region at night. (4) During the campaign period, the main contributors to ozone formation potential (OFP) were calculated to be aromatic hydrocarbons and alkenes, including 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene, 1,4-diethylbenzene, cis-2-butene and 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene. (5) Halogenated hydrocarbons in high concentrations and the aromatic hydrocarbon with high OFP values in chemical industrial park should be the focus of VOCs emission control. |
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