| 能见度对个体疏散速度及路径选择的影响研 |
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| 引用本文： | 谢玮,张玉春.能见度对个体疏散速度及路径选择的影响研[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2017,13(7):62-67. |
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| 作者姓名： | 谢玮 张玉春 |
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| 作者单位： | （西南交通大学 地球科学与环境工程学院，四川 成都 610031） |
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| 摘 要： | 为提供火灾条件下人员疏散基础数据，基于4层教学楼疏散平台，开展了不同能见度环境下个体疏散实验，研究了能见度对人员疏散速度及路径选择的影响。研究结果表明:正常能见度条件下，人员的平均疏散速度为（2.37±0.23）m/s，个体间疏散速度差异明显，随着能见度降低，人员的平均疏散速度呈现均匀下降趋势，个体疏散速度最终均趋近于（0.36±0.10）m/s；人员水平疏散速度显著大于下行疏散速度，且水平疏散速度受能见度影响更大；当能见度较高时，人员以视觉作为寻路方式，倾向于选择自己最熟悉的路线进行疏散；能见度较低时，人员主要依靠触觉作为寻路方式，即借助墙或楼梯扶手进行疏散，此时人员的路径选择受到周围围挡物的共同作用。
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| 关 键 词： | 能见度 人员疏散 教学楼 疏散速度 路径选择 |
Experimental study on impact of visibility on individual evacuation speed and path selection |
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| XIE Wei,ZHANG Yuchu.Experimental study on impact of visibility on individual evacuation speed and path selection[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2017,13(7):62-67. |
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| Authors: | XIE Wei ZHANG Yuchu |
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| Affiliation: | (Faculty of Geosciences and
Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University,
Chengdu Sichuan 610031, China) |
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| Abstract: | In order to provide the basic data of personnel evacuation in fire, the individual evacuation experiments under different visibility conditions were carried out in a four floors teaching building, and the influence of visibility on the personnel evacuation speed and path selection was studied. The results showed that the average evacuation speed under the normal visibility condition was 2.37±0.23 m/s, and the difference of individual evacuation speed was obvious. With the decrease of visibility, the average evacuation speed decreased uniformly and finally tended to be stable at 0.36±0.10 m/s. The horizontal evacuation speed was significantly larger than the descending evacuation speed, and it was more affected by the visibility condition. People took the vision as the mode of path finding in good visibility condition, and tended to choose the most familiar path for evacuation. By contrast, people mainly took the tactile sense as the mode of path finding in low visibility condition, namely carrying out the evacuation with the help of wall or handrail of stair, therefore the path selection was influenced by the combined effect of surrounding enclosing objects. |
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| Keywords: | visibility personnel evacuation teaching building evacuation speed path selection |
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