| 细砂比例对均匀级配石英砂滤料过滤性能的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 杜伊明,李凯,黄廷林,雷春元,卢磊,王志勇,王鹏飞.细砂比例对均匀级配石英砂滤料过滤性能的影响[J].环境工程,2022,40(11):19-25. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杜伊明 李凯 黄廷林 雷春元 卢磊 王志勇 王鹏飞 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 西安建筑科技大学 环境与市政工程学院, 西安 710055; |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划课题（2019YFD1100102）；陕西省重点研发计划重点产业链（群）-社会发展领域项目（2019ZDLSF06-03） |
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| 摘 要： | 石英砂过滤是去除水中颗粒物最常用的技术，其中均匀级配滤料因纳污能力较强、过滤周期较长而得到广泛应用。但目前工程设计标准中对均匀级配滤料的有效粒径（d10）和均匀系数（K60）的界定较为宽泛，为进一步探明滤料组成对均匀级配滤料过滤性能的影响，通过中试试验考察了不同比例细砂（<0.9，0.9~1.0 mm）的2种均匀级配滤料滤柱的除浊效果和运行特性，并采用不同表面电位和粒径的粉末活性炭作为示踪颗粒，研究2种滤料对颗粒物的截留特性。结果表明:与细砂比例较低（16%）的滤料相比，细砂比例较高（29%）的滤料出水浊度低0.2 NTU左右，滤柱水头损失平均增长速率高8.7%~31.6%、滤层含泥率高12%~27%，以滤后水浊度为控制指标时运行周期长7 h；颗粒物截留方面，2种滤料对颗粒物的截留均随着颗粒表面电负性增大和粒径减小而降低，其中细砂比例较高的滤料对颗粒物的截留受颗粒性质影响较小，表现出更稳定的截留效果。因此，适当提高均匀级配石英砂滤料中细砂比例虽然使过滤水头损失略有增加，但能获得更低的出水浊度和更稳定的颗粒物截留效果。
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| 关 键 词： | 均匀级配滤料 石英砂 细砂比例 颗粒性质 过滤性能 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-11-26 |
EFFECT OF FINE SAND RATIO ON FILTRATION PERFORMANCE OF UNIFORMLY GRADED QUARTZ SAND FILTER MEDIA |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Environment and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China;2. Shanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an 710055, China;3. Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710055, China;4. Xi'an Tap Water Co., Ltd., Xi'an 710002, China;5. Leyouyuan Water Plant of Xi'an Tap Water Co., Ltd, Xi'an 710054, China |
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| Abstract: | Quartz sand filtration is the most commonly used technology to remove particulates in water. Among them, uniform gradation filter media is widely used because of its strong dirt holding capacity and long filtration cycle. However, in the current engineering design standard, the effective particle size (d10) and uniformity coefficient (K60) of the uniformly graded filter media are broadly defined. The experiments investigated the turbidity removal and operating characteristics of two uniformly graded filter columns with different ratios of fine sand (<0.9 mm, 0.9~1.0 mm), used powdered activated carbon with different surface potentials and particle sizes as tracer particles, and then studied the retention characteristics of two kinds of filter media for particulate matters. The results showed that:compared with the filter column with a lower proportion of fine sand (16%), the filter column with a higher proportion of fine sand (29%) had a lower turbidity of about 0.2 NTU, and the average increase rate of head loss rose by 8.7%~31.6%, the filter layer had a high mud content of 12%~27%, and the running cycle was 7 h when the filtered water turbidity was used as the control index; in terms of particle retention, the retention of particles by the two filter media decreased as the electronegativity of the particle surface increased and the particle size decreased, among them, the filter media with a higher proportion of fine sand had less impact on particle retention by the nature of the particles, showing a stable retention effect. Therefore, appropriately increasing the proportion of fine sand in the uniformly graded quartz sand filter material may slightly increase the filter head loss, but obtain lower effluent turbidity and a more stable particle retention effect. |
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