| 基于PMF模型及地统计法的乐安河中上游地区土壤重金属来源解析 |
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| 引用本文： | 李娇,滕彦国,吴劲,蒋进元,黄莹.基于PMF模型及地统计法的乐安河中上游地区土壤重金属来源解析[J].环境科学研究,2019,32(6):984-992. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李娇 滕彦国 吴劲 蒋进元 黄莹 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国环境科学研究院,北京,100012;北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京,100875;北京工业大学建筑工程学院,北京,100124 |
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| 基金项目： | 广西创新驱动发展专项资金项目（No.AA17202032）；国家水体污染控制与治理重大科技专项（No.2017ZX07401） |
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| 摘 要： | 为实现较大区域范围内土壤重金属来源贡献程度的定量化，选取江西省乐安河中上游地区表层土壤为研究对象，分析污染源样品化学组分并构建本地污染源成分谱，利用PMF（正定矩阵因子分解）模型对土壤重金属进行源解析，并结合地统计空间分析法识别各源的主要影响区域.结果表明:乐安河中上游地区土壤中w（As）、w（Hg）、w（Cd）、w（Cr）、w（Zn）、w（Cu）、w（Mn）、w（Pb）的平均值分别为21.400、0.105、0.25、73.5、88.4、56.2、577.0、49.5 mg/kg，是江西省土壤背景值平均值的1.0~1.8倍，其中，w（As）、w（Cd）、w（Cu）、w（Pb）平均值超过GB 15618-1995《土壤环境质量标准》一级标准限值.土壤重金属主要受铅锌矿冶炼源、金矿选冶源、铜矿采选源、自然源、混合源的影响.铅锌矿开采冶炼活动对洎水河左岸大部分区域土壤造成了影响，源贡献率均大于30%；金矿选冶活动目前仅影响矿区附近土壤，源贡献率最高可达94%；铜矿采选活动也使德兴铜矿周边较大区域范围土壤受到影响，源贡献率处于19%~89%之间.研究显示，构建本地源成分谱可以辅助解析验证PMF源成分谱的有效性，将PMF模型与地统计空间分析法相结合，可以进一步得到源贡献率在空间上的分布状况，对于土壤污染治理决策可提供行之有效的支撑.
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| 关 键 词： | 土壤重金属 源解析 源成分谱 正定矩阵因子分解模型 反距离权重法 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/5/20 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018/7/14 0:00:00 |
Source Apportionment of Soil Heavy Metal in the Middle and Upper Reaches of Le'an River based on PMF Model and Geostatistics |
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| LI Jiao,TENG Yanguo,WU Jin,JIANG Jinyuan and HUANG Ying.Source Apportionment of Soil Heavy Metal in the Middle and Upper Reaches of Le''an River based on PMF Model and Geostatistics[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2019,32(6):984-992. |
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| Authors: | LI Jiao TENG Yanguo WU Jin JIANG Jinyuan and HUANG Ying |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China2.College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China3.College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China |
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| Abstract: | To quantify the contribution of soil heavy metal sources over a large area, surface soil in the middle and upper reaches of the Le''an River in Jiangxi Province was selected as the research object. The chemical compositions of the soil samples were analyzed to determine the local source profiles. The PMF (positive matrix factorization) model was applied to apportion the potential sources and their contribution of soil heavy metals. The results showed that the average concentrations of As, Hg, Cd, Cr, Zn, Cu, Mn, Pb in the soil samples were 21.400, 0.105, 0.25, 73.5, 88.4, 56.2, 577.0, 49.5 mg/kg respectively, ranking from 1.0 to 1.8 times of their respective soil background values of Jiangxi Province. The mean values of As, Cd, Cu, Pb exceeded the grade one of Environmental Quality Standard for Soils (GB 15618-1995) in China. The results also show that the soil heavy metals were mainly affected by lead-zinc ore smelting, gold ore smelting, copper mining, and natural sources. Lead-zinc ore smelting activities affected the soil in most areas on the left side of Jishui River Basin, with the source contribution of more than 30%. While, gold ore smelting activities currently affected only the soil near the mining area, with the maximum source contribution of 94%. In addition, the soil heavy metals around the Dexing Copper Mine was affected by copper mining and smelting activities, which the source contribution was between 19% and 89%. This study indicates that constructing the local source profiles can assist in the apportionment and verification of the validity of PMF source profiles. Combining PMF model and geostatistical spatial analysis is an effective method for obtaining the potential sources distribution, and can provide an effective support for soil pollution control decision-making. |
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| Keywords: | soil heavy metal source appointment source profiles positive matrix factorization model inverse distance weighting |
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