| 东北及黄淮海平原农产品产地土壤污染风险及防控对策 |
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| 引用本文： | 宋赛虎,孟繁华,郝艳,李鸣晓,姜玉,师荣光,李瑞.东北及黄淮海平原农产品产地土壤污染风险及防控对策[J].环境科学研究,2018,31(10):1662-1668. |
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| 作者姓名： | 宋赛虎 孟繁华 郝艳 李鸣晓 姜玉 师荣光 李瑞 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.上海大学环境与化学工程学院, 上海 200444 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国工程院咨询项目（No.2016ZD1007） |
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| 摘 要： | 为调查北方主要农产品产地（东北）及黄泛平原、淮海平原、淮北平原（简称"黄淮海平原"）土壤重金属污染风险空间分布规律及其污染成因，收集了东北及黄淮海平原农产品产地土壤的重金属数据，通过基于ArcGIS的克里金插值法，绘制了北方主要农产品产地污染风险等级分区控制图，采用多指标综合评价法及卫星地图数据检索方法，追溯统计了土壤重金属超标点位附近的潜在污染源，分析了环境问题成因.结果表明:Cd高等污染风险区域主要集中分布在辽河平原东部、海河平原的天津市以及黄泛平原西南部；Hg高等污染风险区域集中分布在海河平原的天津市、北京市.Cd高等污染风险区域面积在辽河平原、黄泛平原、海河平原、三江平原分别占4.26%、0.18%、0.16%、0.25%；Hg高等污染风险区域面积在海河平原、辽河平原占比分别为1.93%、1.42%.化工行业、畜禽养殖业、金属冶炼加工业为土壤重金属主要潜在污染源.研究显示，东北及黄淮海平原土壤重金属Cd、Hg污染风险不容忽视，建议应以"坚守生态红线、强化风险管控"为准则，以"以奖促治"为动力，以"预防为主、综合治理"为基础，制订"一区一策"的东北及黄淮海平原农产品产地环境污染综合防治对策.
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| 关 键 词： | 农产品产地 土壤环境 污染风险 防控对策 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/1/4 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018/4/25 0:00:00 |
Agricultural Production Area Soil Contamination Risks and Prevention Countermeasures in Northeast China and the Huanghuaihai Plain |
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| SONG Saihu,MENG Fanhu,HAO Yan,LI Mingxiao,JIANG Yu,SHI Rongguang and LI Rui.Agricultural Production Area Soil Contamination Risks and Prevention Countermeasures in Northeast China and the Huanghuaihai Plain[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2018,31(10):1662-1668. |
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| Authors: | SONG Saihu MENG Fanhu HAO Yan LI Mingxiao JIANG Yu SHI Rongguang and LI Rui |
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| Affiliation: | 1.School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China2.State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China3.Agro-Environmental Protection Institute of Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to investigate spatial distribution of soil heavy metal contamination risk in the Northeast Plain, the Huangfan Plain, the Huaihai Plain and the Huaibei Plain (named as 'Huanghuaihai Plain') in China and explore the causes of pollution, soil heavy metal data from agricultural production areas were collected and an agricultural production areas soil contamination risk map of Northeast and Huanghuaihai Plain in China was rendered by a Kriging interpolation of ArcGIS in the present study. Multi-index comprehensive evaluation and satellite map based trace methods were applied to analyze potential pollution sources in nearby soil heavy metal monitoring sites which exceeded standard. The results showed that Cd and Hg risks were especially prominent. The Cd high risk areas were intensely distributed in the eastern Liaohe Plain, Tianjin in the Haihe Plain and in the western Huangfan Plain. The Hg high risk areas were intensively distributed in Tianjin and Beijing in the Haihe Plain. The ratio of the high Cd contamination risk area in the Liaohe Plain, the Huangfan Plain, the Haihe Plain and the Sanjiang Plain was 4.26%, 0.18%, 0.16%, 0.25%. The ratio of the high Hg contamination risk areas in the Haihe Plain and the Liaohe Plain was 1.93%, 1.42%. Chemical industries, livestock and metal smelters were major potential contamination sources. Accordingly, we proposed 'Stick Ecological Red Line, Reinforce Risk Control' as norms, 'Award for Promoting Governance' as a driving force, 'Precaution and Comprehensive Treatment' as a base, and 'One Plain, One Policy' countermeasures for soil pollution prevention and control. The proposal could act as a reference for agricultural production area soil contamination risk control. |
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| Keywords: | agricultural production areas soil environment contamination risk environmental pollution control countermeasures |
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