| 冷冻堵漏法在危险化学品泄漏事故中的应用 |
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| 引用本文： | 李春,张存位,党长山.冷冻堵漏法在危险化学品泄漏事故中的应用[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2017,13(12):152-156. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李春 张存位 党长山 |
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| 作者单位： | （中国人民武装警察部队学院，河北 廊坊 065000） |
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| 摘 要： | 为了研究液化气体泄漏冷冻堵漏的堵漏机制，运用流体力学、传热学等知识对液化石油气（LPG）储罐（槽罐）泄漏时泄漏口处产生局部低温的现象进行了研究，探讨了LPG液相泄漏和气相泄漏2种不同泄漏形式的低温效应。结果表明:液相泄漏时，泄漏口处温度下降程度与泄漏口面积成正比，且随着罐体内部压力的减小而减弱，推导出喷水冷冻堵漏的成冰时间公式；气相泄漏时，对罐内压力与温度的平衡关系进行模拟并建立了数学模型；发现由于LPG气、液相之间对流换热和汽化吸热效应的差异，导致液相与气相之间的温度差，此温度差是罐体外壁产生结霜分层现象的主要原因。
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| 关 键 词： | 液化气体 泄漏 低温效应 冷冻堵漏 |
Application of frozen plugging method in leakage accident of dangerous chemicals |
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| LI Chun,ZHANG Cunwei,DANG Changshan.Application of frozen plugging method in leakage accident of dangerous chemicals[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2017,13(12):152-156. |
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| Authors: | LI Chun ZHANG Cunwei DANG Changshan |
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| Affiliation: | (Fire Command Department, Chinese People's Armed Police Force Academy, Langfang Hebei 065000, China) |
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| Abstract: | To study the plugging mechanism of the frozen plugging method for the leakage of liquefied gas, the phenomenon of local low temperature in the leakage hole during the leakage of LPG storage tank was studied by means of fluid dynamics and heat transfer theory, then the low temperature effect of LPG with two different leakage forms, namely liquid phase leakage and gas phase leakage, was discussed. The results showed that in the liquid phase leakage, the degree of temperature drop in the leakage hole was directly proportional to the area of the leakage hole, and decreased with the decrease of internal pressure in the tank, thus the formula of ice formation time for the water spray frozen plugging was deduced. While in the gas phase leakage, the equilibrium relationship between the internal pressure and temperature in the tank was simulated, and a mathematical model was established. It showed that the temperature difference between the liquid phase and gas phase of LPG was caused by the difference in the convection heat transfer and the vaporization heat absorption effect between the liquid phase and gas phase of LPG, and the temperature difference was the main cause of frost formation and stratification phenomena on the external wall of tank. |
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| Keywords: | liquefied gas leakage low temperature effect frozen plugging |
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