| 基于硝酸盐缓释-功能微生物协同的污染底泥原位修复技术研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 莫华涛,李海翔,杨敏,李锟,彭剑峰.基于硝酸盐缓释-功能微生物协同的污染底泥原位修复技术研究[J].环境科学研究,2020,33(6):1451-1458. |
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| 作者姓名： | 莫华涛 李海翔 杨敏 李锟 彭剑峰 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院, 广西 桂林 541006 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（No.51878197）；北京市科技重大专项项目（No.Z181100005318001） |
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| 摘 要： | 重污染底泥原位修复常需外加大量电子受体，但大量实践表明电子受体直接投加存在作用时效短、微生物利用效率低等问题.针对该问题，开发了电子受体缓释-功能微生物协同的复合环境功能材料，并探讨了功能材料对底泥原位修复效果.结果表明:①复合功能材料〔以Ca（NO3）2计，下同〕仅投加5.7 g/kg时，底泥中ORP（氧化还原电位）提升了60.17%~73.96%，AVS（酸可挥发性硫化物）去除率高达90%，是其他传统原位修复材料的1倍.②相较于单独投加Ca（NO3）2的修复方式，复合功能材料最大可去除上覆水中33.78%的ρ（TN），而且ρ（NH4+-N）也降低了27.90%.③复合功能材料同时促进上覆水中TP和CODCr的去除，其去除率分别在78%和30%以上.④从经济成本和对环境影响的角度出发，在工程应用上宜用电子受体:固定剂:促凝剂:发泡剂:塑形剂:复合微生物菌剂:水的质量比为1:5:0.5:0.5:0.1:1:1的复合功能材料.研究显示，硝酸盐缓释-功能微生物复合材料是一种高效的重污染底泥原位修复材料，能显著提升底泥和上覆水中污染物去除效率，降低ρ（NH4+-N）、ρ（CODCr），避免上覆水体受到二次污染.
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| 关 键 词： | 水体底泥 原位修复 电子受体缓释 功能微生物 复合功能材料 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019/4/25 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019/5/10 0:00:00 |
In-situ Remediation of Contaminated Sediment Based on Nitrate Slow Release-Functional Microbial Compounding |
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| MO Huatao,LI Haixiang,YANG Min,LI Kun,PENG Jianfeng.In-situ Remediation of Contaminated Sediment Based on Nitrate Slow Release-Functional Microbial Compounding[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2020,33(6):1451-1458. |
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| Authors: | MO Huatao LI Haixiang YANG Min LI Kun PENG Jianfeng |
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| Affiliation: | 1.College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China2.Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China3.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China4.Center for Water and Ecology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China |
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| Abstract: | In-situ remediation of black odorous water often requires the addition of a large number of electron acceptors, but a lot of practices have proved that the direct addition of electron acceptors has short-acting effects and low microbial action efficiency, which limits the development of in-situ remediation technology for heavily polluted sediments. In response to this problem, an environmental functional material for the electron-receptor slow release-functional microbial synergy was developed, and the in-situ repair effect of functional materials on the sediment was discussed. The results show that: (1) When only 5.7 g/kg of the composite functional material (as calcium nitrate) was used, the ORP (redox potential) of the sediment increased by 60.17%-73.96%, and the AVS (acid volatile sulfide) removal rate increased up to 90%, with removal efficiency being double that of the other traditional in-situ remediation materials. (2) Compared with the remediation of adding Ca(NO3)2 only, the composite functional material could remove 33.78% of TN and NH4+-N concentration was reduced by 27.90%. (3) The composite functional materials also promoted the removal of TP and CODCr in overlying water, the removal was as high as 78% and 30%, respectively. (4) From the perspective of economic cost and environmental impact, it was suggested to use compounding functional materials in engineering applications, with the mass ratio of electron acceptor:fixative:coagulant:foaming agent:plasticizer:compound microbial agent:water being 1:5:0.5:0.5:0.1:1:1. This study shows that the nitrate slow release-functional micro composite is a highly efficient in-situ remediation material for black odorous water sediments. It can significantly improve the removal efficiency of the sediments and overlying water pollutants, decrease the concentration of NH4+-N and CODCr, and prevent secondary pollution of the overlying water. |
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| Keywords: | sediment of black odorous water in-situ repairment electron receptor slow-release functional microorganism composite functional material |
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