| 三角帆蚌对白洋淀底泥氮磷释放及微生物的影响探究 |
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| 引用本文： | 李乾岗,魏婷,张光明,仙光.三角帆蚌对白洋淀底泥氮磷释放及微生物的影响探究[J].环境科学研究,2020,33(10):2318-2325. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李乾岗 魏婷 张光明 仙光 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国人民大学环境学院, 北京 100872 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（No.2018ZX07110003） |
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| 摘 要： | 为了解三角帆蚌对白洋淀底泥的影响，以白洋淀淀区水和底泥为试验材料，通过室内模拟试验并结合16S rRNA高通量测序技术，考察了三角帆蚌的活动对底泥氮、磷释放以及微生物丰度和多样性的影响.结果表明:①三角帆蚌的生物扰动作用显著提高了底泥氮、磷的释放，上覆水中TN、NH3-N和TP浓度分别提高了0.18、1.1和1.2倍，颗粒态NH3-N和可溶性磷浓度的增加是上覆水中NH3-N、TP浓度增加的主要来源.②三角帆蚌的生物扰动作用轻微提高了上覆水中CODCr的浓度（P < 0.05），并降低了底泥中全氮、全磷的含量，将底泥中全氮、全磷的削减率分别提高了26.0%和10.9%，底泥氮、磷释放规律的不同是导致全氮削减率高于全磷的主要原因.③三角帆蚌的活动可显著降低水中蓝细菌的数量，为其他微生物提供了更多生态位，从而提高了脱氮除磷功能菌丰度和微生物多样性，但是三角帆蚌对底泥中微生物丰度和多样性影响较小.研究显示，三角帆蚌能极大地促进白洋淀底泥氮、磷释放，同时降低内源污染风险，并提高上覆水脱氮除磷功能菌丰度和微生物多样性，可依据实际情况用于白洋淀湿地修复中.
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| 关 键 词： | 三角帆蚌 白洋淀 底泥释放 微生物多样性 生物扰动 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019/11/21 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020/5/28 0:00:00 |
Effects of Hyriopsis cumingii on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Releases from Sediment and on Wetland Microorganisms in Baiyangdian Wetland |
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| LI Qiangang,WEI Ting,ZHANG Guangming,XIAN Guang.Effects of Hyriopsis cumingii on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Releases from Sediment and on Wetland Microorganisms in Baiyangdian Wetland[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2020,33(10):2318-2325. |
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| Authors: | LI Qiangang WEI Ting ZHANG Guangming XIAN Guang |
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| Affiliation: | School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China |
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| Abstract: | The effects of Hyriopsis cumingii on Baiyangdian wetland sediment were studied using water and sediment collected from the wetland via lab simulation experiments and high-throughput sequencing of metagenomic 16S rRNA. The effects of Hyriopsis cumingii on N and P release, and microbial abundance and diversity of sediment were investigated. The results showed that:(1) The release of TN, NH3-N and TP from sediment was obviously promoted by Hyriopsis cumingii, and the equilibrium concentrations of TN, NH3-N and TP in the water increased by 0.18, 1.1 and 1.2 times compared with the control group. The increase of particulate NH3-N and soluble P was the main reason for the increase of NH3-N and TP in water. (2) Hyriopsis cumingii slightly increased CODCr in water (P<0.05) and reduced the concentration of N and P in sediment, and the sediment N and P removal increased by 26.0% and 10.9% respectively compared with the control group. The difference in N and P removal was due to the different release patterns of N and P. (3) Hyriopsis cumingii greatly reduced the amount of cyanobacteria in water, therefore providing more ecological niches for other microbes, and improving the abundance and microbial diversity of denitrification and dephosphorization bacteria in water. On the other hand, Hyriopsis cumingii had little effect on microbial abundance and diversity in sediments. This study shows that Hyriopsis cumingii promotes the release of N and P from sediment and reduces the risk of endogenous pollution in the Baiyangdian wetland. The abundance and microbial diversity of water denitrifying and dephosphorizing bacteria are also increased. These findings can be applied to the restoration of the Baiyangdian wetland. |
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| Keywords: | Hyriopsis cumingii Baiyangdian wetland sediment release microbial diversity bioturbation |
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