| 氧化石墨/聚乙烯醇复合电纺纤维膜的光热脱盐性能试验 |
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| 引用本文： | 高航,郭星星,王思宇,代云容,殷立峰.氧化石墨/聚乙烯醇复合电纺纤维膜的光热脱盐性能试验[J].环境工程,2021,39(6):6-14. |
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| 作者姓名： | 高航 郭星星 王思宇 代云容 殷立峰 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国地质大学(北京)水资源与环境学院水资源与环境工程北京市重点实验室地下水循环与环境演化教育部重点实验室,北京100083;中国环境科学研究院流域水环境污染综合治理研究中心,北京100012;北京师范大学环境学院,北京100875 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFC1800400）；国家自然科学基金项目（21777009，21407138）；北京市自然科学基金（8182031）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（649911019） |
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| 摘 要： | 采用静电纺丝技术将碳纳米材料氧化石墨原位固定于聚乙烯醇（PVA）纤维，制备了氧化石墨/聚乙烯醇复合电纺纤维膜，并将其作为太阳能光热转换材料用于模拟海水的脱盐处理。结果表明:该复合纤维膜是一种性能优良的光热转换材料，其亲水性极强，在湿态下具有宽光谱吸收范围和较高光吸收率。在纺丝电压为15 kV、极板间距为15 cm、氧化石墨质量分数为3%（相对于聚乙烯醇）条件下制得的复合纤维膜具有最优的光热性能。在1个太阳光（1 kW/m2）照射下，膜表面可快速升温至50℃左右，水蒸发速率可达到1.09 kg/（m2·h），光热转换效率为71.9%，对不同浓度模拟海水的脱盐效率均能达到99.9%以上。此外，该复合纤维膜具有良好的稳定性和重复利用性，可较好地应用于普通海水淡化领域。
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| 关 键 词： | 光热转换材料 脱盐 静电纺丝 纤维膜 氧化石墨 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-05-01 |
PHOTO-THERMAL DESALINATION PERFORMANCE OF GRAPHITE OXIDE/POLYVINYL ALCOHOL COMPOSITE ELECTROSPUN FIBROUS MEMBRANE |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources & Environmental Engineering, MOE, Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China;2. Basin Research Center for Water Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China;3. School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China |
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| Abstract: | Graphite oxide/polyvinyl alcohol composite electrospun fibrous membrane was prepared by using electrospinning technology, and the carbon nanomaterial graphite oxide could be in situ immobilized in the polyvinyl alcohol fibers. The composite fibrous membrane was used as a solar photo-thermal conversion material for desalination treatment of simulated seawater. The results showed that the composite fibrous membrane was an excellent photo-thermal conversion material. It was extremely hydrophilic, also had a wide spectral absorption range and high photo-absorption rate at wet state. The composite fibrous membranes produced under the conditions of spinning voltage of 15 kV, electrode plate spacing of 15 cm, and graphite oxide mass concentration of 3%(vs. polyvinyl alcohol) had the best photo-thermal conversion properties. Under the irradiation of 1 sunshine unit(1 kW/m2), the surface of membrane could be rapidly heated to about 50℃. The water evaporation rate could reach 1.09 kg/(m2·h), and the photo-thermal conversion efficiency was 71.9%. The composite fibrous membrane could achieve more than 99.9% of desalination efficiency for simulated seawater with different NaCl concentrations. Moreover, the composite fibrous membrane has good stability and reusability, and can be well applied in the field of ordinary seawater desalination. |
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