| 人因习惯心理对安全疏散的影响研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 益朋,李华.人因习惯心理对安全疏散的影响研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2018,14(3):144-150. |
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| 作者姓名： | 益朋 李华 |
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| 作者单位： | （西安建筑科技大学 材料与矿资学院，陕西 西安710055) |
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| 摘 要： | 针对人员习惯心理的影响因素及其对安全疏散的影响问题，提出一种综合考虑习惯心理和恐慌、从众心理影响下的人员出口选择计算方法。通过问卷调查和访谈，获得人员在熟悉环境中产生习惯心理的原因，采用Pathfinder软件模拟某高校学生食堂的安全疏散情况，得到习惯心理及恐慌、从众心理综合影响下安全疏散时间、出口使用效率以及人员个体疏散时间的差异。结果表明:“目的导向”是人员在熟悉环境中形成习惯心理的主要因素;在人员聚集程度大的方位设计宽度较大的出口，以及在人员习惯的行进方向设计建筑物的主要出口，可以有效提高建筑物紧急疏散的效率。
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| 关 键 词： | 习惯心理 安全疏散 疏散模拟 Pathfinder |
Study on influence of human factor habitual psychology on safety evacuation |
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| YI Peng,LI Hua.Study on influence of human factor habitual psychology on safety evacuation[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2018,14(3):144-150. |
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| Authors: | YI Peng LI Hua |
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| Affiliation: | (College of Materials and Mineral, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an Shaanxi 710055, China) |
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| Abstract: | Aiming at the problems about the influence factors of personnel habitual psychology and its influence on the safety evacuation, a calculation method of exit selection with comprehensively considering the influence of habitual psychology, panic psychology and crowd psychology on the personnel was put forward. The reasons of generating the habitual psychology for the personnel in the familiar environment were obtained through the questionnaire survey and interview, and the safety evacuation of a students' dining hall in a certain university was simulated by using the Pathfinder software, then the difference of safety evacuation time, exist usage efficiency and individual evacuation time of personnel under the comprehensive influence of habitual psychology, panic psychology and crowd psychology were obtained. The results showed that the “destination orientation” is the main factor of forming the habitual psychology for the personnel in the familiar environment, and the efficiency of emergency evacuation in the building can be effectively improved by designing the wider exits in the locations with large personnel gathering degree and designing the main exits of building in the habitual movement directions of personnel. |
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| Keywords: | habitual psychology safety evacuation evacuation simulation Pathfinder |
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