| 盐度与水位双重波动对芦苇去除水中氮磷的影响机理 |
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| 引用本文： | 郑汉杰,王子博,朱翔,杜鹏,于江华,谢磊,彭福全,王灵.盐度与水位双重波动对芦苇去除水中氮磷的影响机理[J].环境科学研究,2023,36(5):986-994. |
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| 作者姓名： | 郑汉杰 王子博 朱翔 杜鹏 于江华 谢磊 彭福全 王灵 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.南京信息工程大学环境科学与工程学院，江苏 南京 211800 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.52270160)；生态环境部南京环境科学研究所创新团队项目(No.GYZX200101)；新疆维吾尔自治区科技计划项目(No.2022E02026) |
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| 摘 要： | 芦苇广泛分布于我国西北地区，具有净化水体氮磷的作用.西北地区的河湖补水导致盐度和水位波动，但是现有研究难以明确盐度与水位双重波动对芦苇去除水体中氮磷的影响.该试验设置3个不同的水位及盐度波动梯度，通过试验分析揭示水位与盐度波动对芦苇脱氮除磷过程的联合影响.结果表明：(1)低频盐度上升(每3 d上升100 mg/L)有利于芦苇对水体中总氮、总磷和氨氮的去除，而高频盐度上升(每3 d上升200 mg/L)不利于其去除.水位下降(每3 d下降2 cm)有利于氨氮的去除，低频水位上升(每3 d上升2 cm)有利于总氮的去除，而高频水位上升(每3 d上升4 cm)则对氨氮和总氮的去除起到抑制作用，主要是由于高频水位上升可降低水体溶解氧浓度.(2)沙湖水位及盐度波动导致芦苇根长增加0.2～2.8 cm，说明现有补水过程并未影响芦苇生存.(3)尽管低频盐度上升和水位下降促进了芦苇对氮磷的直接吸收，但并非水体中氮磷去除的最佳条件，原因是芦苇直接吸收并非氮磷去除的主要过程.为达到保障水质的目的，水位与盐度的调控应优先达到微生物生长的适宜条件.(4)AMOS结构方程模型和双因素方差分析得出盐度与水位的双重...
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| 关 键 词： | 芦苇 盐度波动 水位波动 双重作用 氮磷净化 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-11-16 |
Influencing Mechanisms of Dual Fluctuations of Water Level and Salinity on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal by Reed |
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| Affiliation: | 1.School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 211800, China2.Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China3.China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing 100012, China4.Department of Ecology and Environment of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750002, China5.Xinjiang Tianxi Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Urumqi 830000, China |
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| Abstract: | Reeds widely grow in arid and semi-arid regions in northwest China, and can remove nitrogen and phosphorus in water bodies. However, how the dual fluctuations of salinity and water level in arid and semi-arid regions affect removal of nitrogen and phosphorus by reeds is not well understood, thus it is difficult to set up the best control measures for the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus by reeds under the dual fluctuations of salinity and water level. In this study, three different gradients of salinity and water level fluctuations were set up, and the effects of dual fluctuations of water level and salinity on the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus by reeds were analyzed through experiments. The results showed that: (1) The low-frequency increase in salinity was beneficial to the removal of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen, while the high-frequency increase in salinity was unfavorable to them. The water level drop was conducive to the removal of ammonia nitrogen, the rise of water level with low frequency was conducive to the removal of total nitrogen, and the rise of water level with high frequency inhibited the removal of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen, mainly because it reduced dissolved oxygen of water. (2) The fluctuations of water level and salinity in the Shahu Lake both led to increase of reed root length, indicating that the actual water recharge processes did not affect the survival of reed. (3) Although the increase of water level with high frequency and the decrease of salinity promoted the uptake of nitrogen and phosphorus by reed, they were not the best conditions for nitrogen and phosphorus removal in water bodies, because the direct uptake by reed is not the dominant process of nitrogen and phosphorus removal. The regulation of water level and salinity should give priority to the appropriate conditions for microbial growth in order to ensure good water quality. (4) The results of AMOS structural equation modeling and two factor analysis of variance showed that dual fluctuations of water level and salinity directly affected the biomass of reed, and indirectly affected the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in water. |
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