| 楮河流域水体重金属时空分布特征及健康风险评价 |
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| 引用本文： | 郭亚科,高燕燕,钱会,唐顺琦,王海科,石晓昕.楮河流域水体重金属时空分布特征及健康风险评价[J].环境工程,2023,41(1):112-119. |
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| 作者姓名： | 郭亚科 高燕燕 钱会 唐顺琦 王海科 石晓昕 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 长安大学 水利与环境学院, 西安 710064; |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（42102288，42007184）；中央高校基金项目（300102291105，300102291401，300102291402，300102291507） |
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| 摘 要： | 为明确硫铁矿影响下楮河流域水体中重金属污染的危害程度，以汉江支流楮河为研究对象，选取自硫铁矿矿区至楮河入任河口段设置采样断面，研究河水中重金属Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、Cd、Cr在不同水期的分布特征，采用健康风险评估模型评价河水中重金属的健康风险。结果表明：河水中重金属分布存在显著的时空差异性，时间上，枯水期存在Fe、Cr超标现象，丰水期河水中重金属被稀释，同时河流水环境变化导致重金属发生迁移转化，水质有所改善；空间上，受距离矿区远近和雨季等因素影响，中上游靠近矿区时重金属浓度明显增大，下游人类活动影响比较显著；健康风险评估结果显示，枯水期河流中游存在非致癌风险，致癌因子Cr对人体的致癌风险显著，Cd在枯水期对儿童存在致癌风险。该研究成果可为河流及矿山水环境治理提出了明确的分区治理措施和建议。
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| 关 键 词： | 楮河流域 重金属 时空分布 健康风险评价 河流治理 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-03-08 |
SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS AND HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS IN THE CHU RIVER BASIN |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China;2. Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecology Effects in Arid Areas, Ministry of Education, Xi'an 710064, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to clarify the harmful degree of heavy metal pollution in the surface river water under the influence of pyrite, we took Chu River, a tributary of Han River, as the research object, and then selected the sections from the pyrite mining area to the entrance of Chu River into Ren River, to study the distribution characteristics of Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd and Cr in river water during different water periods. In addition, the health risk assessment model was used to evaluate the health risk of heavy metals in surface water in the two seasons. The results showed that:there were significant spatial and temporal differences in the distribution of heavy metals in rivers. In terms of time, excessive Fe and Cr existed in the dry season. Heavy metals were diluted in the river during the wet season, and the change in the river water environment led to the migration and transformation of heavy metals, so the overall water quality was improved. Spatially, affected by the distance from the mining area and rainy season, the concentration in the middle and upper reaches increased significantly when it was close to the mining area, and the influence of human activities downstream was also significant. The results of the health risk assessment showed that there was a non-carcinogenic risk in the middle reaches of the river in dry season. The order of non-carcinogenic risk of heavy metals was Cr>Cd>Fe>Cu>Mn>Zn. Heavy metal Cr had a significant carcinogenic risk to human body, and Cd had a significant carcinogenic risk to children in dry season. The study puts forward definite measures and suggestions to enhance the mine and river environment. |
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