| 外浮顶油罐雷击起火概率计 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘健,,杨仲江,,卢慧慧,.外浮顶油罐雷击起火概率计[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2016,12(4):45-49. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘健 杨仲江 卢慧慧 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.南京信息工程大学 中国气象局气溶胶-云-降水重点开放实验室，江苏 南京 210044；2.南京信息工程大学 大气物理学院，江苏 南京 210044） |
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| 摘 要： | 大型外浮顶储罐多次发生雷击起火事故，因此对其安全性做出客观评价，计算雷击起火概率现实意义重大。通过分析雷电对外浮顶油罐的危害方式，利用蒙特卡洛方法结合电气几何模型计算外浮顶油罐年雷击率。分析采用导静电线和可伸缩接地装置（RGA）的防护效果差别。最后计算安装可伸缩接地装置后油罐遭受雷击产生火花放电的年事故率。计算结果表明:年雷击率随着油罐直径和罐壁高度的增大而增加；采用可伸缩接地装置的防护效果明显优于传统导静电线；安装多个可伸缩接地装置可以明显降低产生火花的概率和年事故率。两个RGA就可以将油罐遭受雷击产生火花放电的年事故率降至10-5以下。
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| 关 键 词： | 雷电 外浮顶油罐 雷击概率 蒙特卡洛方法 火花放电 |
Calculation on probability of fire caused by lightning for external floating roof oil tanks |
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| LIU Jian,,YANG Zhongjiang,,LU Huihui,.Calculation on probability of fire caused by lightning for external floating roof oil tanks[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2016,12(4):45-49. |
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| Authors: | LIU Jian YANG Zhongjiang LU Huihui |
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| Affiliation: | (1. Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information
Science and Technology, Nanjing Jiangsu 210044, China；
2. School of Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,
Nanjing Jiangsu 210044, China) |
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| Abstract: | Fire accidents caused by lightning strike on large external floating roof (EFR) oil tanks have occurred for many times, so it is practically significant to evaluate the safety objectively and calculate the probability of fire caused by lightning. The harm modes of lightning on oil tanks were presented. The annual incidence of lightning strike for external floating roof oil tanks were calculated by means of Monte Carlo method combined with electro-geometric model (EGM). The difference in protection effects of conventional electrostatic conductors and retractable grounding assemblies (RGA) were analyzed. The annual accident rates of spark discharge by lightning on oil tanks installing RGAs were discussed. The results showed that the annual incidence of lightning strike increase with the increasing diameters and heights of oil tanks. The protection effect by using RGA is better than that of conventional electrostatic conductors. The probability and annual accident rates of spark discharge can be significantly decreased when multiple RGAs are installed. The annual accident rates of spark discharge by lightning on oil tanks can be reduced to 10-5 when only two RGAs are installed. |
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| Keywords: | lightning external floating roof oil tanks lightning strike probability Monte Carlo method spark discharge |
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