| 黄河流域固废治理现状、问题与对策建议 |
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| 引用本文： | 徐亚,王京京,李淑,黄启飞,刘彦君,刘玉强,董路.黄河流域固废治理现状、问题与对策建议[J].环境科学研究,2023,36(2):373-380. |
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| 作者姓名： | 徐亚 王京京 李淑 黄启飞 刘彦君 刘玉强 董路 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国环境科学研究院，环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室，固体废物污染控制技术研究所，北京 100012 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目(No.2020YFC1806304，2018YFC1800902)；国家自然科学基金项目(No.51708529) |
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| 摘 要： | 黄河流域是我国重要的生态屏障和经济地带，高质量发展对黄河流域生态环境保护和资源再生利用提出了更高的要求.固体废物兼具“资源”和“环境”双重属性以及污染“源”和“汇”双重属性，其妥善治理对黄河流域生态环境保护和高质量可持续发展意义重大.本文系统阐述了黄河流域不同类型固体废物产生量和利用处置能力的空间分布和时间演化特征，在此基础上进一步分析发现，黄河流域固废污染防治存在的问题主要包括产业结构偏重、固废增量存量压力大，无害化处置存在短板弱项，底数不清、环境风险较大，流域上下游、固废水气以及污染物和温室气体等协同治理不足.根据流域资源禀赋、自然条件和行业产业特征，以减污降碳协同增效为目标，建议以“无废流域”建设为抓手，推动绿色低碳循环发展，补齐利用处置能力短板，着力防范重点领域风险，推进固体废物协同治理等.
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| 关 键 词： | 固废 无害化 资源化 风险 污染 黄河流域 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-09-16 |
Present Situation,Problems and Countermeasures of Solid Waste Management in the Yellow River Basin |
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| Affiliation: | 1.State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Research Institute of Solid Waste Management, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China2.School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology, Beijing 100083, China3.School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun, 130000, China |
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| Abstract: | The Yellow River Basin is an important ecological barrier and economic zone in China. High-quality development puts forward higher requirements for ecological environment protection and resource recycling in the Yellow River Basin. Solid wastes have the dual attributes of ‘resources’ and ‘environment’ and the dual attributes of ‘sources’ and ‘sinks’ of pollution. Their harmless and resourceful utilization is of great significance to the protection of ecological environment and high-quality sustainable development in the Yellow River Basin. This paper systematically expounds the spatial distribution and temporal evolution characteristics of different types of solid wastes in the Yellow River Basin. On this basis, it further analyzes the existing problems in the prevention and control of solid wastes in the Yellow River Basin, including heavy industrial structure, high pressure of incremental stock of solid wastes, shortcomings of harmless disposal, unclear base number, high environmental risk, and insufficient collaborative treatment of upstream and downstream of the basin, solid wastewater gas, pollutants and greenhouse gases. According to the basin resource endowment, natural conditions and industrial characteristics, with the goal of reducing pollution and carbon, it is recommended to build a ‘waste-free basin’ as the starting point to promote the development of green and low-carbon cycle, make up for the shortcomings of utilization and disposal capacities, focus on preventing risks in key areas, and promote the collaborative treatment of solid wastes. |
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