| 适应城市消防规划需求的火灾风险评估研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈志芬,黄靖玲,李亚.适应城市消防规划需求的火灾风险评估研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2019,15(5):185-191. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈志芬 黄靖玲 李亚 |
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| 作者单位： | （1.中规院（北京）规划设计公司，北京100037；2. 北京师范大学 地理科学学部，北京100083；3. 中国城市规划设计研究院，北京 100037) |
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| 基金项目： | 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(71741024)；北京市自然科学基金项目（4172025） |
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| 摘 要： | 研究城市火灾风险评估，可以为城市消防规划提供有效参考，对推进城市防灾减灾工程具有重要意义。面向所要研究区域的城市消防规划需求，首先分析区域火灾历史统计数据，提炼区域的火灾特点，从火灾危险性、承灾体易损性、城市抗灾能力3方面分析指标影响因子，建立了城市火灾风险评估指标体系；其次，提出了以建设用地地块为评估单元，基于现场调研和卫星遥感影像、城市用地分类相结合的指标因子快速分析方法，并通过加权平均评估城市火灾风险；最后，通过城市火灾风险评估案例研究，阐释了评估的技术流程和结果形式。研究结果表明:适应城市消防规划需求的火灾风险评估方法可以快速定量评估区域火灾风险的空间分布特征，还能识别出消防安全布局的重点地区，进一步支撑城市消防规划编制。
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| 关 键 词： | 城市火灾 火灾统计 风险评估 城市消防规划 指标体系 |
Study on fire risk assessment adapting to requirements of urban fire protection planning |
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| CHEN Zhifen,HUANG Jingling,LI Ya.Study on fire risk assessment adapting to requirements of urban fire protection planning[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2019,15(5):185-191. |
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| Authors: | CHEN Zhifen HUANG Jingling LI Ya |
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| Affiliation: | (1. CAUPD Beijing Planning & Design Consultants Corporation, Beijing 100037, China;2. Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100083, China;3. China Academy of Urban Planning & Design, Beijing 100037, China) |
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| Abstract: | The research of urban fire risk assessment can provide effective reference for the urban fire protection planning, and it’s of great significance for promoting the urban disaster prevention and mitigation projects. Facing the requirements of urban fire protection planning in the study area, firstly, the statistical analysis of regional fire history and the characteristics of fire in the study area were analyzed, then the index impact factors were analyzed from three aspects including the fire hazard, vulnerability of disaster bearing body and urban disaster resistance ability, and an index system of urban fire risk assessment was established. Secondly, a fast analysis method of index factors was put forward, which took the construction land plot as the assessment unit, based on the field investigation and satellite remote sensing image, and combined with the urban land classification, then the urban fire risk was assessed by the weighted average method. Finally, through the case study of urban fire risk assessment, the technical process and results form of the assessment were illustrated. The results showed that the fire risk assessment method adapting to the requirements of urban fire protection planning could not only assess the spatial distribution characteristics of regional fire risk quickly and quantitatively, but also identify the key areas of fire safety layout, so as to further support the preparation of urban fire protection planning. |
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| Keywords: | urban fire fire statistics risk assessment urban fire protection planning index system |
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