| 露天矿山隐伏盲空区精确探测及爆破优化设计 |
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| 引用本文： | 王虎,张海清,刘勇锋,史先锋,魏杰.露天矿山隐伏盲空区精确探测及爆破优化设计[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2019,15(11):137-143. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王虎 张海清 刘勇锋 史先锋 魏杰 |
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| 作者单位： | （1.中国安全生产科学研究院，北京 100012； 2.燕山大学，河北 秦皇岛 066004； 3.河北大学，河北 保定 071002） |
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| 基金项目： | * 基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0808403)；中国安全生产科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2016JBKY1)；河北省自然科学基金项目(E2019201422)；河北大学高层次人才科研启动项目(801260201292) |
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| 摘 要： | 隐伏盲空区是严重威胁露天矿山正常采矿作业的安全隐患，应予以探明并处置。针对露天矿隐伏盲空区探测难度大、崩落处置爆破设计精度差等问题，以白马铁矿1号溜井盲空区为例，首先基于矿山历史资料，利用钻探手段，初步圈定盲空区异常分布范围；然后运用钻孔激光扫描设备进行三维精确扫描，获得盲空区塌腔三维形态和真实边界，并以实测数据为基础，利用逆向建模方法，构建盲空区三维可视化模型；最后根据盲空区的三维空间特征和分布条件，进行爆破分区及参数优化设计。结果表明:采用钻探圈定结合三维激光精确扫描建模的综合探测方法，可获得露天矿山盲空区的可靠信息，准确掌握盲空区垮塌现状，进而为制定更为精准的爆破设计方案提供重要依据，最终达到消除盲空区的目的。研究结果对保障矿山安全生产具有重要意义，同时可为类似工程提供有益参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 盲空区 综合探测 三维激光扫描 爆破设计 安全生产 |
Accurate detection and blasting optimization design of concealed unknown underground goaf in open pit mine |
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| WANG Hu,ZHANG Haiqing,LIU Yongfeng,SHI Xianfeng,WEI Jie.Accurate detection and blasting optimization design of concealed unknown underground goaf in open pit mine[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2019,15(11):137-143. |
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| Authors: | WANG Hu ZHANG Haiqing LIU Yongfeng SHI Xianfeng WEI Jie |
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| Affiliation: | （1.China Academy of Safety Science and Technology，Beijing 100012，China；2.Yanshan University，Qinhuangdao Hebei 066004，China；3.Hebei University，Baoding Hebei 071002，China） |
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| Abstract: | The concealed unknown underground goaf is a potential safety hazard that seriously threatens the normal mining operation of open pit mines,and it should be detected and controlled.Aiming at the problems of difficult detection of concealed unknown underground goaf and poor blasting design precision of caving disposal in the open pit mines,taking the unknown underground goaf in No.1 chute of Baima Iron Mine as an example,firstly,the abnormal distribution range of unknown underground goaf was initially delineated by using the drilling method based on the historical data of mine.Secondly,the three dimensional precise scanning was carried out by using the borehole laser scanning equipment to obtain the 3D shape and real boundary of collapse cavity in the unknown underground goaf.Based on the measured data,a 3D visualization model of the unknown underground goaf was constructed by using the reverse modeling method.Finally,the blasting zoning and parameters optimization design were carried out according to the 3D spatial characteristics and distribution conditions of the unknown underground goaf.The results showed that the comprehensive detection method of drilling delineation combined with 3D laser precise scanning modeling could obtain the reliable information of unknown underground goaf in the open pit mines,accurately grasp the collapse status of the goaf,thus provide important basis for formulating more accurate blasting design scheme,and ultimately achieve the goal of eliminating the goaf.The above work is of great significance to guarantee the work safety of mine,and can provide useful reference for similar projects. |
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| Keywords: | unknown underground goaf comprehensive detection three dimensional laser scanning blasting design work safety |
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