| 人群分区疏散优化算法研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 胥旋,,史聪灵,,伍彬彬,,何理,.人群分区疏散优化算法研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2016,12(11):153-158. |
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| 作者姓名： | 胥旋 史聪灵 伍彬彬 何理 |
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| 作者单位： | （1.中国安全生产科学研究院，北京 100012；2.地铁火灾及客流疏运安全北京市重点实验室，北京 100012） |
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| 摘 要： | 在疏散过程中，出口利用不均现象时有发生，距离最短路径并不一定是最快的路径。提出了大规模人群分区疏散优化算法，该算法以疏散时间最短为目标，综合考虑了人群分布、出口位置、出口宽度等因素，通过迭代计算，求解每个行人的最优出口选择，从而得到优化疏散分区结果。以具有多个出口的某大型步行商业街区疏散为例，利用经典的无后退有偏随机行走模型进行模拟计算，对是否采用优化分区的疏散时间进行了比较分析。结果表明:采用优化分区疏散时，部分人员放弃路径最短的疏散出口，而被导向选择宽度较宽和附近人员密度较低的出口，从而提高整体疏散效率。该算法解决了以距离最短为目标的疏散分区方式导致的出口利用不均和不充分的现象，有效提高了疏散效率，对于区域分区疏散策略的制定具有一定指导意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 分区疏散 优化算法 疏散策略 |
Study on the optimization algorithm of
the crowd partition evacuation |
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| XU Xuan,' target="_blank" rel="external">,SHI Congling,' target="_blank" rel="external">,WU Binbin,' target="_blank" rel="external">,HE Li,' target="_blank" rel="external">.Study on the optimization algorithm of
the crowd partition evacuation[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2016,12(11):153-158. |
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| Authors: | XU Xuan " target="_blank">' target="_blank" rel="external"> SHI Congling " target="_blank">' target="_blank" rel="external"> WU Binbin " target="_blank">' target="_blank" rel="external"> HE Li " target="_blank">' target="_blank" rel="external"> |
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| Affiliation: | （1. China Academy of
Safety Science and Technology，Beijing
100012，China；
2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Metro Fire
and Passenger Transportation Safety，
Beijing 100012，China） |
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| Abstract: | The inequality of exit
capacity have occurred in emergency
evacuation case. The minimum-distance
route may not be the minimum-time route.
In this paper, an optimization algorithm
of the crowd partition evacuation is
proposed, which aims at the shortest
evacuation time with considering the
pedestrian distribution, exit position,
exit width. The iterative method is used
for solving the optimal exit choices for
each pedestrian and presenting the
optimized evacuation partition. Taking a
commercial street as an example, the
classical biased-random walk model
without back-step is applied to simulate
the evacuation process and the
evacuation times with optimized and non
-optimized evacuation partition are
compared and analyzed. The results show
that when adopting the optimized
evacuation partition, some people no
longer choose the exit with shortest
distance, but the wide exit or the exit
with low occupant density around, then
the overall evacuation efficiency
increases. The algorithm solves the
problems of uneven and inadequate
utility of the exit in non-optimized
route where the shortest distance is
considered as the goal of the
evacuation. Therefore, the algorithm
effectively improves the evacuation
efficiency, and can be widely used in
guiding the evacuation partition
strategy. |
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| Keywords: | Partition Evacuation Optimization Algorithm Evacuation Strategy |
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