| 过电流故障铝导线熔痕部位与组织特征关联性研究* |
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| 引用本文： | 姜文宇,吴坚,孙烨,李阳,何颖.过电流故障铝导线熔痕部位与组织特征关联性研究*[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2022,18(1):75-80. |
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| 作者姓名： | 姜文宇 吴坚 孙烨 李阳 何颖 |
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| 作者单位： | （1.中国人民警察大学 研究生二队，河北 廊坊 065000；2.台州市消防救援支队 台州湾新区大队 浙江 台州 318000；3.中国人民警察大学 物证鉴定中心，河北 廊坊 065000；4.中国人民警察大学 防火工程三队，河北 廊坊 065000） |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(52074213);河北省自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(E2021507002);中国人民警察大学校级科研重点专项项目(2019sycxpd001)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 为深入研究过电流故障铝导线熔痕部位与组织特征之间的关联关系，本文模拟2.5 mm2BLV铝导线通25~187.5 A电流时的发热、熔断和燃烧过程，研究过电流铝导线发热形变与熔痕形成的内在关联，根据各部位熔痕受热形成过程，分类识别典型组织特征。研究结果表明:随着电流值升高，铝导线先后出现线芯发热、绝缘热解、熔断拉弧、绝缘燃烧、重力折断等现象，发生熔断拉弧的临界电流值位于［71.5,73）A区间内；重力折断痕迹和导线本体组织受线芯发热和绝缘燃烧的共同影响，组织为粗大的块状晶，折断点为锯齿状寸断痕迹；熔断电弧熔痕为高温电弧作用于熔化金属后凝固形成，呈树枝状、纤维状铸态组织，分区分布，孔洞较少，表现为圆珠状、钝头状、尖头型、弯折状、牵拉状等5种典型形貌。通过建立熔痕部位与组织特征的关联，增加故障判断证据维度，为准确识别铝导线发生过电流故障及溯源起火过程提供数据支持。
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| 关 键 词： | 过电流 铝导线 火灾调查 电气火灾 熔痕特征 |
Study on correlation between location of melted marks and microstructure characteristics of aluminum conductor under overcurrent fault |
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| JIANG Wenyu,WU Jian,SUN Ye,LI Yang,HE Ying.Study on correlation between location of melted marks and microstructure characteristics of aluminum conductor under overcurrent fault[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2022,18(1):75-80. |
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| Authors: | JIANG Wenyu WU Jian SUN Ye LI Yang HE Ying |
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| Affiliation: | (1.Squad Two of Graduate Faculty,China People’s Police University,Langfang Hebei 065000,China;2.Taizhou Bay New Area Brigade,Taizhou Fire Rescue Detachment,Taizhou Zhejiang 318000,China;3.Physical Evidence Appraisal Center,China People’s Police University,Langfang Hebei 065000,China;4.Squad Three of Fire Engineering,China People’s Police University,Langfang Hebei 065000,China) |
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| Abstract: | To deeply study the relationship between the weld patterns of over-current aluminum wire and the microstructure characteristics,this paper studied the thermal deformation of the aluminum conductor with different overcurrent values.The heating,fusing and burning processes of 2.5 mm2 BLV aluminum conductor under the current of 25~187.5 A were simulated,then the internal correlation between the heating deformation and the melted marks formation of the overcurrent aluminum conductor was studied,and the typical microstructure characteristics were classified and identified according to the heating formation process of melted marks at each part.The results showed that with the increase of current value,the phenomena of core heating,insulation pyrolysis,fusing arc,insulation combustion and gravity breaking appeared successively in the aluminum conductor,and the critical current value of fusing arc located in the range of71.5,73]A.The gravity breaking mark and conductor body structure were affected by both core heating and insulation combustion,the microstructure was coarse block crystal,and the breaking point was the serrated pieces breaking mark.The melted marks of fusing arc were formed after the high-temperature arc acted on the melted metal and then solidified,which presented the dendritic and fibrous as-cast microstructures,and distributed in different regions with fewer holes.They presented as five typical morphologies,i.e.,ball,blunt end,sharp end,bending,and traction.By establishing the correlation between the melted marks and the microstructure characteristics,the dimension of fault judgment evidence was increased,and it provides data support for the accurate identification of overcurrent fault and tracing the ignition process of aluminum conductors. |
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| Keywords: | overcurrent aluminum conductor fire investigation electrical fire melted marks characteristics |
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