| 三维生态足迹视角下塔里木河流域水土资源与生态承载状况评价 |
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| 引用本文： | 李志赟,邓晓雅,龙爱华,陈伏龙,张丽丽,高海峰.三维生态足迹视角下塔里木河流域水土资源与生态承载状况评价[J].环境工程,2022,40(6):286-294. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李志赟 邓晓雅 龙爱华 陈伏龙 张丽丽 高海峰 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 石河子大学 水利建筑工程学院, 新疆维吾尔自治区 石河子 832000; |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(52179028)； |
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| 摘 要： | 塔里木河流域是新疆发展、丝绸之路经济带的重要组成部分,明晰其水土资源资本利用及生态承载状况,对塔里木河流域的高质量发展具有重要意义。运用改进的三维生态足迹模型,核算塔里木河流域的生态足迹,并对人均区域生态足迹深度、广度变化进行分析;引入水资源压力指数、土地综合压力指数、生态压力指数,判断当前水资源、土地资源是否处于超载状态,并对塔里木河流域的生态承载状况进行评价。结果表明:1)2000-2019年研究区的人均生态足迹持续上升,由2.091 ha/人增加至5.864 ha/人,年均增长率为5.58%。生态赤字问题严重,20年增长了2.98倍。2)研究期内,区域人均生态足迹深度持续增长,由9.283增加到23.905。人均生态足迹广度增长了8.89%;3)水资源压力指数、土地综合压力指数、生态压力指数均>1,各类生产生活对生产性土地造成了严重负担,生态安全形势严峻。
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| 关 键 词： | 三维生态足迹 生态足迹深度 生态足迹广度 承载状况评价 塔里木河流域 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-12-20 |
EVALUATION OF SOIL,WATER RESOURCES AND ECOLOGICAL CARRYING STATUS OF THE TARIM RIVER BASIN FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT MODEL |
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| Affiliation: | 1. College of Water & Architectural Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resource and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China;3. Satellite Application Center for Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100094, China |
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| Abstract: | The Tarim River Basin plays a major part in the development of Xinjiang and the Silk Road Economic Belt.Clarifying the utilization of its water and soil resources and its ecological carrying status is of great significance to the high-quality development of the Tarim River Basin.This paper proposed the use of an improved three-dimensional ecological footprint model to calculate the ecological footprint of the Tarim River Basin.In addition,based on the three-dimensional ecological footprint theory,the water pressure index and land were also introduced.Comprehensive pressure index and ecological tension index were used to investigate whether the current land and water resources were overloaded and assess the ecological carrying status of the Tarim River Basin.The results showed that:1) there has been a noticeable,rapid and continued increase in the per capita ecological footprint of the Tarim River Basin in 2000-2019,2.091 ha/person to 5.864 ha/person,with an average annual growth rate of 5.58%.The ecological deficit problem was severe,increased by 2.98 times during the last 20 years;2) the depth of the regional ecological footprint per capita continued to grow in 2000-2019,from 9.283 to 23.905.The breadth of the per capita ecological footprint was increased by 8.89%;3) the water resources pressure index,comprehensive land pressure index,and ecological pressure index were all greater than 1.Production and social living have caused a huge burden on productive land,and the ecological carrying status of the Tarim River basin was in a severe level. |
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