| 高浓度中温厌氧膜生物反应器处理城市污水厂污泥的厌氧消化效果 |
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| 引用本文： | 郭广泽,李烨媚,周士统,李玉友.高浓度中温厌氧膜生物反应器处理城市污水厂污泥的厌氧消化效果[J].环境工程,2021,39(7):101-107. |
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| 作者姓名： | 郭广泽 李烨媚 周士统 李玉友 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 日本东北大学 环境科学研究科 环境科学系, 日本 宫城县仙台市980-8579; |
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| 摘 要： | 利用厌氧消化技术处理城市污泥等有机废弃物，可以生成以甲烷为主要成分的沼气，同时实现废弃物减量化。传统的污泥厌氧消化技术存在水力停留时间长，处理水质差，反应器对环境变动敏感，运行不稳定等缺陷。使用有效体积15 L的实验室规模厌氧膜生物反应器（AnMBR）对初沉污泥与剩余污泥混合的城市污水厂污泥进行高浓度厌氧消化处理。AnMBR通过膜过滤方式将悬浮固体（SS）截留在反应器内，增强了反应器运行的稳定性并促进有机物的分解。AnMBR反应器在中温35℃，HRT为15 d，有机负荷为4.66 g-COD/（L·d）的条件下进行了为期155 d的长期运行实验。实验过程中，反应器运行稳定，没有出现氨氮抑制和挥发性脂肪酸的积累。沼气收率为0.48 L/g-VS，甲烷平均含量为63.32%。膜过滤水中COD浓度为0.77 g/L，COD去除率高达98%以上。通过物质衡算，基质总COD的54.38%转化为甲烷，仅有0.6%残留在膜过滤水中。在保持反应器污泥浓度25 g/L的高浓度条件下，实现了工作模式为4 min抽吸，1 min休息，平均膜通量9.6 L/（m2·h）的连续稳定运行。通过膜阻力抵抗值的计算，污染膜总阻力为11.87×1012/m，其中附着在膜表面的泥饼层和导致膜孔闭塞的有机层为膜污染形成的主要因素。通过长期连续实验的产甲烷情况及膜过滤效果，验证了AnMBR在有机废弃物减量化和能源回收应用上的可行性。
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| 关 键 词： | 城市污泥 厌氧消化 厌氧膜生物反应器 膜污染 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-02-28 |
ANAEROBIC DIGESTION OF SEWAGE SLUDGE BY A HIGH SOLID MESOPHILIC ANAEROBIC MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Frontier Science for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of Environmental Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan;2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Anaerobic digestion is accomplished in converting organic wastes such as sewage sludge into biogas, achieving waste reduction and resource recovery at the same time. However, conventional anaerobic digestion has the disadvantages of long HRT, poor effluent quality, high sensitivity to reactor pH, temperature and environmental conditions, etc. In this study, a high-solid anaerobic membrane bioreactor(AnMBR) with an effective volume of 15 L was applied for anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge(mixture of primary sludge and excess sludge). AnMBR is able to retain suspend solid(SS) in the reactor through efficient membrane filtration, which enhances the stability of the reactor operation and promotes the decomposition of organic matter. The AnMBR reactor realized stable operation under the conditions of 35℃, HRT 15 d, and organic load of 4.66 g-COD/(L·d) through a 155 days long-term operation experiment. During the experiment period, AnMBR was operating smoothly, ammonia nitrogen concentration was below the thresholdand and there was no volatile fatty acid accumulation. The biogas yield was 0.48 L/g-VS, and the average constitute of methane was 63.32%. The COD concentration in permeate was 0.77 g/L, and COD removal rate was as high as 98%. According to mass balance calculation, 54.38% of the total COD from the substrate was converted into methane, and only 0.6% remained in the effluent. In addition, this study achieved a continuous and stable working mode of 4 minutes of filtration and 1 minute of relaxation with average membrane flux of 9.6 L/(m2·h) under the condition of sludge concentration 25 g/L in the reactor. The calculation results of total membrane resistance showed that the total resistance was 11.87×1012/m. Cake layer attached to the membrane surface and the organic layer that causes the membrane pores blocking were the main factors of membrane fouling. This study investigated the feasibility of utilizing high-solid anaerobic membrane bioreactor in waste reduction and energy recovery through the performance of methane production and membrane filtration. |
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