| SWAT模型下“十三五”中期污染减排措施及气象条件对岷江流域水环境改善贡献 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘骞,王维,罗彬,王康.SWAT模型下“十三五”中期污染减排措施及气象条件对岷江流域水环境改善贡献[J].环境工程,2021,39(5):45-54. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘骞 王维 罗彬 王康 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 四川省环境政策研究与规划院, 成都 610041; |
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| 基金项目： | 四川省生态环境厅支撑项目"岷江流域<水污染防治行动计划>实施成效评估研究"。 |
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| 摘 要： | 基于SWAT构建了岷江流域分布式水文和污染负荷模型，模拟水文变化过程的效率系数超过0.6，模拟污染物浓度的效率系数超过0.5，能够有效模拟岷江流域2015-2018年的水文、污染浓度和通量变化过程。通过模型计算分析了岷江流域主要污染物排放量变化、《水污染防治行动计划》不同减排措施及气象驱动条件对岷江流域水环境改善贡献。结果表明:岷江流域11个国考断面COD、NH3-N、TP排放量分别下降8%、13%和12%，其中8个考核断面废水排放量上升，主要污染物排放量降低，其中点源强度下降，密度上升；岷江流域中段排放强度高、减排量同样凸显，成都市对岷江出境断面污染物排放及减排贡献均高于眉山市；各项减排措施中，城镇生活污染治理对污染物减排及通量降低占主导作用，对CODMn、NH3-N、TP通量减排分别贡献53%、71%、81%；生活源减排贡献大于工业源减排，点源减排贡献率大于面源污染减排；污染减排措施对凉姜沟断面CODMn、NH3-N和TP浓度变化的贡献率分别为20.7%、26.8%和34.4%。
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| 关 键 词： | SWAT 污染减排措施 气象条件 改善贡献 岷江流域 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-05-07 |
CONTRIBUTION OF POLLUTION REDUCTION MEASURES AND METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS TO IMPROVEMENT OF WATER ENVIRONMENT OF THE MINJIANG RIVER BASIN IN THE MIDDLE OF THE 13TH FIVE-YEAR PLAN BASED ON SWAT MODEL |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Sichuan Academy of Environmental Policy and Planning, Chengdu 610041, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China |
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| Abstract: | The distributed hydrological and pollution load model for the Minjiang River Basin was constructed based on SWAT. The Nash-Sutcliffe of simulated hydrological transformation processes exceeded 0.6 and Nash-Sutcliffe of simulated pollutant concentrations exceeded 0.5, which could effectively simulate the hydrological, concentration and flux transformation processes of the Minjiang River Basin from 2015 to 2018. The changes of the main pollutant discharge, the different emission reduction measures of Water Pollution Prevention Action Plan and the meteorological driving conditions contributed to the improvement of the water environment in the Minjiang River Basin were calculated. The results showed that CODMn, NH3, and total TP emissions of 11 national examination sections of the Minjiang River Basin decreased by 8%, 13%, and 12% in 2018, the discharge of wastewater in 8 national examination sections increased, and the discharge of major pollutants decreased simultaneously. The intensity of point sources decreased, but the density increased. The emission intensity in the middle of the Minjiang River Basin was high, and the amount of emission reduction was also prominent. The emission and reduction of pollutants of Chengdu were higher than Meishan at Liangjianggou section. Among the emission reduction measures, urban pollution control played a leading role in reducing pollutant emissions, contributing 53%, 71% and 81% of total emission reduction to CODMn, NH3 and TP, namely. The contribution of emission reduction from domestic sources was greater than that from industrial sources, and the contribution rate of the point sources emission reduction was greater than that of the non-point sources. The contribution rate of pollution reduction measures to the CODMn, NH3 and TP in Liangjianggou section were 20.7%, 26.8% and 34.4%, respectively. |
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