| 米曲霉发酵厨余垃圾制备富酶产物的研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 贾璇,郭萌,冶荣霞,李辉,李雪琪,刘晓佩,李鸣晓,戴昕.米曲霉发酵厨余垃圾制备富酶产物的研究[J].环境科学研究,2022,35(3):828-835. |
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| 作者姓名： | 贾璇 郭萌 冶荣霞 李辉 李雪琪 刘晓佩 李鸣晓 戴昕 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.北京工商大学，中国轻工业清洁生产和资源综合利用重点实验室，北京 100048 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目(No.2019YFD1100304)~~； |
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| 摘 要： | 为了探讨利用微生物发酵厨余垃圾产酶的最佳条件，实现厨余垃圾高值资源化，选取米曲霉为试验菌种，基于米曲霉BNCC142787 (简称“米曲霉B”)、米曲霉CGMCC3.4427 (简称“米曲霉C”)的生长特性解析，研究不同培养方式(静置、振荡)和培养温度(30、35、40 ℃)对米曲霉好氧发酵厨余垃圾产酶性能的影响. 结果表明:米曲霉B和米曲霉C分别在30 ℃和40 ℃、pH为6的培养条件下生长最佳；与静置培养相比，振荡培养可显著提高米曲霉菌丝体的形成和生长速率，促进淀粉酶和蛋白酶分泌. 米曲霉B在40 ℃下厨余垃圾好氧发酵48 h时蛋白酶活性最高，为66.64 U/g；在30 ℃下好氧发酵48 h时，其淀粉酶活性最佳，为129.44 U/g. 米曲霉C在40 ℃下、厨余垃圾好氧发酵96 h时蛋白质酶和淀粉酶活性均达到最高，分别为64.02和131.11 U/g. 研究显示，米曲霉B和米曲霉C产生蛋白酶与淀粉酶的能力相当，但米曲霉B生长速率快，所需发酵时间短，可在温和的条件下实现产酶，因此采用米曲霉B在40 ℃、好氧发酵48 h条件下进行酶源制备，可充分利用厨余垃圾中的营养物质获得富含淀粉酶和蛋白酶的产物，具有显著的应用潜力.
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| 关 键 词： | 厨余垃圾 米曲霉 生长特性 酶源产物 蛋白酶 淀粉酶 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-07-27 |
Preparation of Enzyme-Rich Products from Kitchen Waste by Aspergillus oryzae Fermentation |
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| JIA Xuan,GUO Meng,YE Rongxia,LI Hui,LI Xueqi,LIU Xiaopei,LI Mingxiao,DAI Xin.Preparation of Enzyme-Rich Products from Kitchen Waste by Aspergillus oryzae Fermentation[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2022,35(3):828-835. |
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| Authors: | JIA Xuan GUO Meng YE Rongxia LI Hui LI Xueqi LIU Xiaopei LI Mingxiao DAI Xin |
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| Abstract: | In order to realize the high-value recycling of kitchen waste, Aspergillus oryzae was used for enzyme production from kitchen waste. Aspergillus oryzae BNCC142787 (Aspergillus oryzae B) and Aspergillus oryzae CGMCC3.4427 (Aspergillus oryzae C) were used for aerobic fermentation to produce enzyme from kitchen waste. The influence of cultivation methods (let stand, oscillation) and temperature (30, 35 and 40 ℃) on the enzyme production were studied. The enzyme source products of kitchen waste effluent in protease and amylase were prepared. The results showed that Aspergillus oryzae B and Aspergillus oryzae C grew best at 30 ℃ and 40 ℃, pH 6.0, respectively. In comparison with static culture, oscillating culture significantly increased the formation and growth rate of Aspergillus oryzae mycelium and promoted the secretion of amylase and protease. After aerobic fermentation of kitchen waste for 48 h, the protease activity of Aspergillus oryzae B was 66.64 U/g at 40 ℃ and the best amylase activity was 129.44 U/g at 30 ℃. Aspergillus oryzae C reached the highest protein enzyme and the amylase activity (64.02 and 131.11 U/g) at 40 ℃ and 96 h. Study showed that Aspergillus oryzae B and C produced protease and amylase equally, but Aspergillus oryzae B grew faster, the fermentation time was shorter, and can be achieved under moderate enzyme production conditions. Therefore, amino acid liquid fertilizer could be prepared by Aspergillus oryzae B at 40 ℃ and 48 h. Amino acid liquid fertilizer can make full use of the nutrients in kitchen waste to obtain products rich in amylase and protease, with great application potential. |
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