| 2015—2020年湖北省PM2.5和臭氧复合污染特征演变分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 陈楠,陈立,王莉莉,祝波,操文祥,许可,丁青青,兰博,张周祥,魏莱,施艾琳,王珂.2015—2020年湖北省PM2.5和臭氧复合污染特征演变分析[J].环境科学研究,2022,35(3):659-672. |
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| 作者姓名： | 陈楠 陈立 王莉莉 祝波 操文祥 许可 丁青青 兰博 张周祥 魏莱 施艾琳 王珂 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.湖北省生态环境监测中心站，湖北 武汉 430072 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目(No.2019YFB2102904)~~； |
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| 摘 要： | 为揭示湖北省PM2.5和臭氧(O3)复合污染演变特征，基于湖北省17个地市的空气质量国控点和武汉市大气超级站组分监测数据，全面分析湖北省17个地市2015—2020年PM2.5和O3的时空变化特征及相关关系，探讨PM2.5和O3协同效应的成因机理. 结果表明:①2015—2020年，湖北省PM2.5显著改善，平均降幅为4.7 μg/(m3·a)，但冬季负荷仍较高，主要集中于中部地区；O3污染凸显，平均增幅为3.8 μg/(m3·a)，污染集中在4—10月的暖季，东部地区最严重，近两年超标天数已与PM2.5相当. ②湖北省PM2.5和O3关联日趋密切，协同效应显著，日评价指标显示夏季二者呈显著正相关(相关系数为0.57)，近两年当PM2.5浓度≤50 μg/m3时，相关系数高达0.63；冬季PM2.5浓度与Ox(O3+NO2)浓度呈正相关，尤其2020年东部城市二者相关性高达0.46，显示大气氧化性对PM2.5二次污染的重要性. ③以武汉市为例，归纳PM2.5和O3复合污染的成因，暖季低PM2.5背景下，高温、中等湿度和弱风速的气象条件以及VOCs和NOx等前体物的高浓度排放，使得受VOCs主控的光化学反应加剧，易造成O3污染，从而加强PM2.5二次生成；冬季高的大气氧化性，叠加不利气象条件，促进颗粒物的二次生成，导致重污染时PM2.5组分以硝酸盐等二次无机组分为主. 研究显示，湖北省PM2.5和O3协同控制重点为，在保持现有NOx控制力度基础上强化VOCs控制，遏制暖季和东部区域O3浓度上升，加强冬季和中部PM2.5治理.
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| 关 键 词： | PM2.5 臭氧(O3) 协同控制 复合污染 湖北省 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-07-30 |
Characteristic and Trend Analysis of PM2.5 and Ozone in Air Compound Pollution in Hubei Province During 2015-2020 |
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| CHEN Nan,CHEN Li,WANG Lili,ZHU Bo,CAO Wenxiang,XU Ke,DING Qingqing,LAN Bo,ZHANG Zhouxiang,WEI Lai,SHI Ailin,WANG Ke.Characteristic and Trend Analysis of PM2.5 and Ozone in Air Compound Pollution in Hubei Province During 2015-2020[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2022,35(3):659-672. |
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| Authors: | CHEN Nan CHEN Li WANG Lili ZHU Bo CAO Wenxiang XU Ke DING Qingqing LAN Bo ZHANG Zhouxiang WEI Lai SHI Ailin WANG Ke |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Hubei Ecological Environment Monitoring Center Station, Wuhan 430072, China2.Hubei Atmospheric Compound Pollution Research Center, Wuhan 430078, China3.Hubei Administrative License Technology Review Center, Wuhan 430071, China4.Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to reveal the evolution characteristics of compound air pollution, spatiotemporal characteristics of PM2.5 and O3, as well as their correlation relationships and the formation mechanism of the synergistic effect, were comprehensively analyzed based on the monitoring data in 17 cities in Hubei Province from 2015 to 2020 and the atmospheric superstation in Wuhan. The results indicated: (1) PM2.5 pollution was significantly mitigated with a decline rate of 4.7 μg/(m3·a), and O3 pollution worsened with a growth rate of 3.8 μg/(m3·a) and it appeared frequently in the warm season (April to October). In addition, PM2.5 concentration in winter was still high, especially in central cities. The number of days with O3 exceeding the standard in eastern cities was the same to the number of days with PM2.5 exceeding the standard in the past two years. (2) The PM2.5 and O3 in Hubei Province had an increasingly close relationship, and the synergistic effect was significant. The daily values showed that PM2.5 and O3 had a significant positive correlation in summer (the correlation coefficient (R) is 0.57), and R was as high as 0.63 when PM2.5 ≤ 50 μg/m3 in the past two years. In addition, there was a positive correlation between PM2.5 and Ox in winter, with the highest in eastern cities in 2020 (0.46), showing the importance of atmospheric oxidation for the secondary pollution of PM2.5. (3) The causes of the synergistic effect of PM2.5 and O3 in Wuhan were as follows. In the warm season, the intensified O3 photochemical reaction was controlled by VOCs due to high temperature, moderate humidity, weak wind and the high emissions of precursors (VOCs and NOx) under the background of low PM2.5, which will cause O3 pollution, thereby enhancing the secondary transformation of PM2.5. In winter, high atmospheric oxidation and unfavorable weather conditions promoted secondary aerosol transformation. During the heavy pollution episodes, PM2.5 components were mainly secondary inorganic components such as nitrate. (4) The coordinated control in Hubei Province is mainly to strengthen the control of VOCs on the basis of maintaining NOx control, suppress the rise of O3 concentration in warm season, especially in the eastern region, and enhance the control of PM2.5 in winter, especially in the central region. |
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