| 北京市大气颗粒物及其铅的来源识别和解析 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 肖 锐,李 冰,杨红霞,张远航,刘咸德,刘 锋,李玉武.北京市大气颗粒物及其铅的来源识别和解析[J].环境科学研究,2008,21(6):148-155. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 肖 锐 李 冰 杨红霞 张远航 刘咸德 刘 锋 李玉武 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 1.中国环境科学研究院,北京 100012;北京大学 环境科学与工程学院,北京 100871 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金委员会面上项目 |
| |
| 摘 要： | 2005年9月—2006年9月，在北京的北郊(昌平区)、城区和南郊(房山区)3个采样点位共采集总悬浮颗粒物(TSP)样品166个. 用ICP-AES和ICP-MS方法测量Pb等29个无机元素. 应用正矩阵因子分析方法识别的TSP的3组主要来源为土壤扬尘源、建筑源和燃煤源；2组次要来源为有色冶金源和燃油源. 北京市大气颗粒物中Pb的2个主要来源为燃煤源和有色冶金源，分别占总量的19%～39%和49%～62%；次要来源有土壤扬尘源和建筑源，分别占总量的2%～4%和7%～8%. 北京市北郊、城区和南郊的ρ(Pb)年均值分别为102，142和179 ng/m3. 燃煤源排放的铅分布比较均衡，在3个采样点位ρ(Pb)大体持平；而有色冶金源排放的铅有明显的采样点位差异，具有南高北低的趋势，这提示有色冶金源的主要方位是在北京的南边. 北京市大气ρ(Pb)有可观的下降空间. 铅排放削减和有关环境管理措施的主要对象应为涉铅的有色冶金行业. 对原料煤中铅含量的监测、控制和管理也应予以重视.
|
| 关 键 词： | 大气颗粒物 铅污染 正矩阵因子分析 燃煤源 有色冶金 |
| 收稿时间： | 2008/2/13 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2008/5/4 0:00:00 |
Source Identification and Apportionment of Particulate Matter and Aerosol Lead in Beijing |
| |
| XIAO Rui,LI Bing,YANG Hong-xi,ZHANG Yuan-hang,LIU Xian-de,LIU Feng and LI Yu-wu.Source Identification and Apportionment of Particulate Matter and Aerosol Lead in Beijing[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2008,21(6):148-155. |
| |
| Authors: | XIAO Rui LI Bing YANG Hong-xi ZHANG Yuan-hang LIU Xian-de LIU Feng and LI Yu-wu |
| |
| Affiliation: | 1.Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China;College of Environment Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China2.National Research Center for Geo-analysis, Beijing 100037, China3.College of Environment Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China4.Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China5.National Research Center for Environmental Analysis and Measurements, Beijing 100029, China |
| |
| Abstract: | From September 2005 to September 2006, 166 TSP samples were collected at a northern suburb (Changping District), downtown (city center), and a southern suburb (Fangshan District) in Beijing. Lead and 28 other elements were determined using ICP-AES and ICP-MS methods. Source identification and apportionment were conducted using the Positive Matrix Factor Analysis method. The results indicated that the TSP was mainly from soil dust, construction dust and coal combustion, and nonferrous minor sources were nonferrous industry and oil combustion. Major sourcesof aerosol lead in Beijing were coal combustion and nonferrous industries, which accountedfor 19%-39% and 49%-62%, respectively, and the minor sources were soil dust andconstruction dust, which accounted for 2%-4% and 7%-8%, respectively. Annual average concentrations of aerosol lead were 102, 142, 179 ng/m3 for northern, downtown and southern sites in Beijing, respectively. Aerosol lead emitted from coalcombustion uniformly distributed in the three sites and had similar ρ(Pb); however, aerosol lead emitted from nonferrous industry was significantly different in the three sites, with ρ(Pb) being higher in southern sites than in northern sites. This suggests that nonferrous industry mainly exists to the south of Beijing.There is substantial space for aerosol lead to decline in Beijing. The major target forlead pollution control and abatement should be non-ferrous metallurgy, especially lead oriented facilities, while the lead content in coal should not be overlooked in environmental management. |
| |
| Keywords: | particulate matter lead pollution PMF coal combustion non-ferrous industry |
| 本文献已被 维普 万方数据 等数据库收录！ |
| 点击此处可从《环境科学研究》浏览原始摘要信息 |
|
点击此处可从《环境科学研究》下载全文 |
|
