| 喷播基质中土壤菌施用对紫穗槐幼苗光合特性和叶绿素荧光参数的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 王鹰翔,张金池,吴雁雯,王凌剑,贾赵辉.喷播基质中土壤菌施用对紫穗槐幼苗光合特性和叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].环境科学研究,2017,30(6):902-910. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王鹰翔 张金池 吴雁雯 王凌剑 贾赵辉 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京林业大学, 江苏省南方现代林业协同创新中心, 江苏省水土保持与生态修复重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210037 |
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| 基金项目： | 林业公益性行业科研专项[DK(]([DK)]201504406)；林业科学技术推广项目([2015]17号)；江苏省高等学校林学优势学科建设项目(164010641) |
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| 摘 要： | 为了揭示喷播基质中土壤菌对植物的影响机制、筛选出优势土壤菌配置模式，以适应性极强的紫穗槐（Amorpha fruticosa）为试验材料，将筛选鉴定的3种土壤菌--细菌苏云金杆菌（nl11，专利号nl-11）、真菌卵形孢球托霉（nl15，专利号nl-15）和放线菌嗜热一氧化碳链霉菌（nl1，专利号nl-1），配制成无菌（CK）、单菌（nl11、nl15、nl1）、两种菌混合（nl11+nl15、nl11+nl1、nl15+nl1）和3种菌混合（nl11+nl15+nl1），共8种配置方式等比例混入基质中进行温室盆栽试验，分别观测其对紫穗槐幼苗的光合色素含量、光合特性以及叶绿素荧光参数的影响.结果表明:与无菌苗相比，其他7种处理的紫穗槐幼苗w（Chlb）显著高于对照，除nl15+nl1和nl15+nl1+nl11外，其他处理的幼苗w（Chla）和w（Chl）均显著高于对照；除nl15+nl1处理外，其他处理的幼苗w（Car）显著高于对照.相比对照，nl11+nl15处理的幼苗净光合速率（Pn）显著提高123.5%，nl11处理的幼苗净光合速率（Pn）、水分利用效率（WUE）和光系统Ⅱ（PSⅡ）最大光化学量子产量（Fv/Fm）显著提高148.72%、156.21%和5.74%，nl15处理的幼苗PSⅡ实际光化学效率（ΦPSⅡ）显著提高，nl11+nl15+nl1处理的幼苗净光合速率、光化学淬灭系数（qP）与电子传递速率（ETR）显著提高173.59%、12.58%和5.13%，nl1处理的紫穗槐幼苗初始荧光（Fo）与最大荧光（Fm）显著低于无菌幼苗10.05%和19.86%.通过土壤菌施用，显著促进了紫穗槐幼苗的光合色素的合成，提高气孔导度、水分利用效率、蒸腾速率和净光合速率，降低气孔限制值，增强了植株对有效光的利用，并且防止过剩光能对光合机构的进一步伤害，提高抗逆性和适应性，并以nl11、nl11+nl15和nl11+nl15+nl1这3种配置模式效果最为显著.
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| 关 键 词： | 土壤菌 紫穗槐 光合特性 叶绿素荧光参数 光合色素 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016/10/13 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017/1/3 0:00:00 |
Effects of Soil Bacteria Inoculation in Spray Seeding Matrix on Photosynthesis Characteristics and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters of Amorpha fruticose |
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| Affiliation: | Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration in Jiangsu Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China |
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| Abstract: | This study sought to determine the influence of soil bacteria inoculation in spray seeding on plants, and select better configuration modes of soil bacteria. The research took Amorpha fruticose, a shrub with strong adaptability, as the subject of the test. Bacillus thuringiensis (nl-11), Gongronella butleri (nl-15) and Streptomyces thermophilus (nl-1) were mixed and applied to a greenhouse planting experiment. They were configured into eight modes. The group without soil bacteria was the control group, while the experimental groups were one species of soil bacteria, a mix of two species of soil bacteria and a mix of three species of soil bacteria. They were mixed into spray seeding matrix equally under glasshouse conditions with pot experiment. The effects of soil bacteria in spray seeding matrix on photosynthetic pigments, characteristics of photosynthesis and chlorohy ll fluorescence in A. fruticosa were observed. The measured physiological parameters differed greatly in all seven seedings growing from the control group. Compared with the control treatment, the chlorophyll b contents of 7 treatments of seedlings were significantly higher. In addition to nl15+nl1 treatment and nl15+nl1+nl11 treatment, the chlorophyll a content and the total chlorophyll content of other seedlings were significantly higher. The carotenoid content of other seedlings were significantly higher except nl15+nl1 treatment. In addition, leaf net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of seedings treated by nl11+nl15 significantly increased by 123.5%. Pn, water use efficiency (WUE) as well as maximal photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) of seedings treated by nl11 increased by 148.72%, 156.21% and 5.74%, respectively. PS Ⅱ actual quantum yield (ΦPSⅡ) of seedings improved significantly, along with Pn, photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) and electron transport ratio (ETR), which increased 173.59%, 12.58% and 5.13%, respectively. However, initial fluorescence (Fo) and maximal fluorescence (Fm) were significantly lower by 10.05% and 19.86%. Through soil bacteria treatment, the synthesis of various seedlings of photosynthetic pigment contents increased obviously, increasing the stomatal conductance, net photosynthetic rate and the openness of PS Ⅱ reaction center, and promoting the efficiency of photosynthetic electron transport and strengthening the PS Ⅱ light energy conversion efficiency. Plus, the seedlings of various water use efficiency and transpiration rate also increased dramatically, while stomatal limitation and leaf temperature were lower. In addition, it further protected the photosynthetic apparatus by higher photochemical and non-photochemical pathway. It could be concluded that the seedlings raised in soil bacteria with spray seeding matrix would better adapt to drought conditions. Among them, bacteria (nl11), bacteria (nl11)+fungi (nl11) and bacteria (nl11)+fungi (nl11)+actinomyces (nl1) had significant effect of seedings. Soil bacteria configuration mode in this study was only limited to the plant photosynthetic physiological characteristics; it will be combined with soil bacteria influence on soil improvement matrix and root growth in later studies, as well as on the weathering of the rock. |
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| Keywords: | soil bacteria Amorpha fruticosa photosynthetic characteristics chlorophyll fluoresce parameters photosynthetic pigments |
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