| 底泥翻耕对巢湖西部聚藻区黑臭风险的预控效果 |
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| 引用本文： | 周麒麟,何宇虹,程寒飞,范成新.底泥翻耕对巢湖西部聚藻区黑臭风险的预控效果[J].环境科学研究,2019,32(4):609-618. |
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| 作者姓名： | 周麒麟 何宇虹 程寒飞 范成新 |
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| 作者单位： | 中冶华天南京工程技术有限公司,江苏 南京,210019;中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,江苏 南京,210008 |
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| 基金项目： | 安徽省住房城乡建设科学技术计划项目（No.2017YF-02）；南京市科技计划项目（No.201608016）；国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（No.2012ZX07103-005） |
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| 摘 要： | 聚藻区高有机负荷表层底泥已被证实是西巢湖黑臭频发的主要因素，但能否借鉴像控制湖泊内源污染的翻耕方式对黑臭进行预控，则有待于与过程有关的试验研究.基于湖泊底泥再悬浮特征和耕作性能设计的底泥翻耕措施，借助能够模拟湖泊风浪与沉积物再悬浮的大型装置，通过藻体堆积诱发试验，研究黑臭诱发过程中上覆水水色，ρ（Fe2+）、ρ（S2-）的动态，新生沉积物-水界面底泥关键物化指标以及底泥间隙水Fe、S变化对底泥翻耕的响应过程.结果表明:①翻耕深度对黑臭影响较大，PT15（15 cm深度的翻耕处理组）达到了对湖泛黑臭的控制，当第8~14天PT2、PT5、PT10（2、5和10 cm翻耕处理组），CK（对照组）和Blank（空白组）相继发生黑臭时，PT15上覆水主要致黑物质为Fe2+和S2-，其质量浓度分别为PT2、PT5、PT10、CK和Blank的68.6%、79.5%、48.1%、46.7%、51.3%和75.2%、65.7%、57.1%、74.5%、75.0%.②PT15可明显提升新生泥-水界面对蓝藻堆积及缺氧环境的耐受力，黑臭诱导模拟后，其底部水体及泥-水界面的ρ（DO）、Eh和pH均远高于发生湖泛黑臭处理组，ρ（∑H2S）却明显低于发生湖泛黑臭处理组，表层底泥间隙水中ρ（Fe2+）为0.54 mg/L，仅为发生湖泛黑臭处理组的25.3%~33.7%，ρ（Fe2+）占ρ（TFe）的比例为25.2%，远低于发生湖泛黑臭处理组（约40.0%），表层底泥中w（AVS）（AVS表示酸可挥发性硫化物）为0.51 μg/g，仅为发生湖泛黑臭处理组的14.6%~17.2%.研究显示，底泥翻耕作为一种底泥物理改良方式，对于聚藻区内底泥，因其将有机污染负荷较重的表层翻转至了下层，阻隔了表层污染底泥中物质迁移供给和对厌氧微生物参与的控制，在藻体大量聚集和死亡的水柱环境中可较好地阻止致黑致臭物的形成，有效控制了湖泛黑臭的发生.
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| 关 键 词： | 底泥翻耕 巢湖 聚藻区 黑臭控制 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/4/4 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018/9/20 0:00:00 |
Application of Plow-Tillage as an Innovative Technique for the Prevention and Control of Black Bloom in the Algae Accumulation Areas |
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| ZHOU Qilin,HE Yuhong,CHENG Hanfei and FAN Chengxin.Application of Plow-Tillage as an Innovative Technique for the Prevention and Control of Black Bloom in the Algae Accumulation Areas[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2019,32(4):609-618. |
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| Authors: | ZHOU Qilin HE Yuhong CHENG Hanfei and FAN Chengxin |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Huatian Engineering & Technology Corporation, MCC, Nanjing 210019, China2.Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China |
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| Abstract: | The high organic loading sediment in the algae accumulation areas has been proved to be the main reason for the frequent occurrence of black bloom in western Chao Lake. By algae accumulation experiment, plow-tillage measures designed based on resuspension characteristics and tillage performance of lake sediment and a large device capable of simulating lake winds and sediment resuspension were employed to study the dynamics of overlying water color, ρ(Fe2+), ρ(S2-) in the process of black bloom induction, the key physical and chemical characteristics of newly formed water-sediment interface, and the changes of iron, sulfur in interstitial water as well as their respective response process to plow-tillage. The results showed that the depth of plow-tillage had a great influence on the formation and burst of lake black bloom, and the 15 cm depth of plow-tillage achieved the control of lake black bloom. When black bloom occurred in the other plow-tillage (2, 5 and 10 cm), controls and blank treatments during the 8th to 14th days, typical overlying water characteristics (ρ(Fe2+) and ρ(S2-)) of plow-tillage 15 cm treatments were 68.6%, 79.5%, 48.1%, 46.7%, 51.3%, and 75.2%, 65.7%, 57.1%, 74.5%, 75.0% that of the other plow-tillage (2, 5 and 10 cm), controls and blank treatments respectively, further analysis of the nature of the bottom water and bottom sediments revealed that 15 cm depth of plow-tillage treatment could significantly enhance the tolerance of the fresh water-sediment interface to algae accumulation and anoxic environment, after the black bloom induction simulation, the dissolved oxygen concentration, redox potential, and pH in the bottom water and at the interface were much higher than those in the black bloom groups. However, the ρ(∑H2S) was significantly lower than the other treatments. The ρ(Fe2+) in the surface sediment water was 0.54 mg/L and was only 25.3%-33.7% of the black bloom groups. Fe2+ was 25.2% of the total irons which was much lower than the nearly 40.0% of the black bloom groups. The concentration of acid-volatile sulfides was 0.51 μg/g which was only 14.6%-17.2% of the black bloom groups. Overall, the plow-tillage was a method of physical improvement of the sediment for algae accumulation areas. Plow-tillage could turn surface sediment that was overloaded with the organic pollution to the lower layer, blocking the material migration and supply of the contaminated surface sediment and the control of the participation of anaerobic microorganisms. It could prevent the formation of black bloom-generating substances in the water column where the algae accumulate and die, and effectively prevent the occurrence of black bloom. |
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| Keywords: | plow-tillage of sediment Chao Lake algae accumulation areas control of black bloom |
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