| 典型异味源的感官特性及特征污染物筛选 |
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| 引用本文： | 闫凤越,李伟芳,魏静东,韩萌,李玮.典型异味源的感官特性及特征污染物筛选[J].环境科学研究,2018,31(9):1645-1650. |
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| 作者姓名： | 闫凤越 李伟芳 魏静东 韩萌 李玮 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.天津市环境保护科学研究院, 国家环境保护恶臭污染控制重点实验室, 天津 300191 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目-面上项目（No.21577096）；国家重点研发计划项目（No.2016YFC0700603-003） |
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| 摘 要： | 为研究不同异味源的感官特性以及不同行业特征污染物的排放差异，以卷烟厂、烘培坊、烤漆厂为研究对象，采用愉悦度9级度量法，测定源样品不同稀释倍数（5~6个浓度梯度）下的愉悦度等级，绘制3种典型异味源愉悦度-臭气浓度指数特征曲线，并进行回归分析，同时筛选出3个典型异味源的特征污染物（烤漆厂的特征污染物为乙酸乙酯、对二乙苯、乙苯、间二甲苯、乙酸丁酯，卷烟厂为乙醇、萘、2-丁酮、柠檬烯、丙烷，烘培坊为乙醇、柠檬烯、α-蒎烯、甲苯、丙酮），并建立了异味评价干扰潜力的数学模型.结果表明:3种典型异味源的愉悦度与臭气浓度指数之间的关系均符合二次多项式模型，卷烟厂和烤漆厂异味源的愉悦度均为负值，并且厌恶程度随臭气浓度的增大而增强；而烘焙坊异味源的愉悦度为正值.当愉悦度等级为-2时，卷烟厂和烤漆厂对应的臭气浓度分别为30和26.干扰潜力的强弱是由臭气浓度和愉悦度2个因素直接决定的，烤漆厂的干扰潜力为-14.48，卷烟厂为-14.17，烘培坊为11.77.研究显示，愉悦度与臭气浓度指数间量化关系模型以及异味源干扰潜力评估模型的建立，可为异味源的分类分级以及异味源环境影响标准的制订提供科学依据.
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| 关 键 词： | 典型异味源 愉悦度 特征曲线 回归分析 干扰潜力 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/1/8 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018/4/28 0:00:00 |
Sensory Characteristics and Specific Pollutants for Typical Odour Emission Sources in China |
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| YAN Fengyue,LI Weifang,WEI Jingdong,HAN Meng and LI Wei.Sensory Characteristics and Specific Pollutants for Typical Odour Emission Sources in China[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2018,31(9):1645-1650. |
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| Authors: | YAN Fengyue LI Weifang WEI Jingdong HAN Meng and LI Wei |
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| Affiliation: | 1.State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Odor Pollution Control, Tianjin Academy of Environmental Sciences, Tianjin 300191, China2.Tianjin Sinodour Environmental Protection Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300191, China3.Environmental Protection Monitoring of Dongli District of Tianjin, Tianjin 300300, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to identify the sensory characteristics and emission differences among different odour emissions, three kinds of sources (paint factory, cigarette factory and magnolia bakery) were selected and analysed. Pertinent field surveys combined with laboratory analysis were conducted, with the purpose of obtaining the behaviour curve of hedonic tone for specific odour emissions and comparing the annoyance potential of the sources under investigation. A 9-point scale was used to determine the hedonic tone. For each kind of source sample, the concentrations to be presented to the panel members comprised a range of 5 or 6 dilution steps, which differed by a factor of approximately 3. Using a suitable curve-fitting procedure, a line could be fitted through the points obtained in the experiment. The specific odorants of the three sources were screened out. Typical pollutants for the paint factory:ethylacetate, p-diethylbenzene, ethylbenzene, m-xylene, butylacetate; typical pollutants for the cigarette factory:ethanol, naphthalene, 2-butanone, limonene, propane; typical pollutants for the magnolia bakery:ethanol, limonene, α-pinene, toluene, acetone. The fitting results showed a quadratic polynomial relationship between hedonic tone and odour concentration index for different odours. The hedonic values of both the cigarette and paint factories were negative and that the magnolia bakery was positive. The offensiveness of the odours from the cigarette factory and paint factory was enhanced with increasing concentration index. At the hedonic value of -2, which corresponds to moderately unpleasant, the odour concentrations were 26 and 30 for the paint and cigarettes factories. The annoyance potential was calculated by multiplying the odour index and the H value of the original sample. The annoyance potential of the above odour sources was as follows:paint factory -14.48, cigarette factory -14.17, magnolia bakery 11.77. The findings of this study provide a scientific basis for the classification of various odours and the development of odour impact criteria. |
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| Keywords: | typical odour emission sources hedonic tone characteristic curves regression model potential for annoyance |
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