| 大气汞监测技术进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 李震,陈扬,冯钦忠,刘俐媛,王睿,魏石豪.大气汞监测技术进展[J].环境科学研究,2018,31(7):1193-1200. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李震 陈扬 冯钦忠 刘俐媛 王睿 魏石豪 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（No.2016YFC0209204）；国家自然科学基金项目（No.11475211） |
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| 摘 要： | 为了切实履行《关于汞的水俣公约》，落实美丽中国建设战略，我国亟待加强对大气环境及各涉汞行业的监管.采用文献调研、分类梳理的方法，系统地分析和总结了近年来国内外常用的大气汞监测技术现状与问题，并探讨了未来技术发展方向.结果表明:为了满足大气环境中低浓度多形态汞的监测需求，越来越多功能的大气汞监测技术被研发，当前基于AFS（原子荧光光谱）和AAS（原子吸收光谱）等方法的监测技术对Hg0（元素汞）可实现ng/m3的检出限，对Hg2+（氧化态汞）和Hgp（颗粒态汞）有着低至pg/m3的检出限.自动化采样监测技术是未来汞监测的发展趋势，当前技术对大气中Hg0有着2.5~5.0 min水平的时间分辨率，对大气中Hgp可达到1~2 h的时间分辨率，同时可实现远程传输数据.人工采样监测和被动采样监测技术虽然时间分辨率较差，但在Hg2+和Hgp的监测方面有着一定优势.研究显示，完善大气汞监测管理体系，除了需要研发更强大的Hg2+和Hgp测定技术用于理解相关迁移转化过程，还亟待在相应的标定方法上实现技术革新，并应用这些技术组建地区和全球大气汞监测网络.
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| 关 键 词： | 汞 大气 监测技术 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017/10/28 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018/5/17 0:00:00 |
Recent Technology Progress of Atmospheric Mercury Monitoring |
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| LI Zhen,CHEN Yang,FENG Qinzhong,LIU Liyuan,WANG Rui and WEI Shihao.Recent Technology Progress of Atmospheric Mercury Monitoring[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2018,31(7):1193-1200. |
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| Authors: | LI Zhen CHEN Yang FENG Qinzhong LIU Liyuan WANG Rui and WEI Shihao |
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| Affiliation: | 1.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China2.State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Mercury Pollution and Control, Beijing Advanced Sciences and Innovation Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101407, China3.Chinese Society for Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100082, China |
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| Abstract: | For the fulfillment of 'Minamata Convention' and implementing the construction of beautiful China, it is important to strengthen the supervision of atmospheric environment and the mercury related industry. The present study presents a review of progress and limitations of atmospheric mercury monitoring technology and discusses the future direction of atmospheric mercury monitoring technology, via document research and classification methods. The result shows that in order to satisfy the monitoring of various types of mercury (Hg), more and more powerful atmospheric mercury monitoring technologies have been developed in recent years. Current monitoring technology could realize the limit of detection (LOD) of ng/m3 for Hg0 (elemental mercury), and LOD of pg/m3 for oxidized mercury (Hg2+) and particulate mercury (Hgp). Automatic sampling and monitoring technology shows a tendency of future mercury monitoring. The current technology has the time resolution of 2.5-5 min for Hg0 in atmosphere, and the time resolution of 1-2 h for Hgp. Although the time resolution of manual sampling and passive sampling monitoring is poor, the technologies have some advantages in the monitoring of Hg2+ and Hgp. The research illustrates that the development of current atmospheric mercury monitoring and management system is enslaved to the lack of effective calibration methods and atmospheric monitoring technology of oxidized mercury and particulate mercury, building the regional or global atmospheric mercury monitoring networks. |
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| Keywords: | mercury atmosphere monitoring techniques |
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