| 物元可拓法用于南京城市绿地土壤重金属污染评价 |
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| 引用本文： | 张俊叶,刘晓东,庞少东,俞元春.物元可拓法用于南京城市绿地土壤重金属污染评价[J].环境科学研究,2018,31(9):1572-1579. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张俊叶 刘晓东 庞少东 俞元春 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.南京林业大学生物与环境学院, 江苏 南京 210037 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（No.31670615，31270664） |
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| 摘 要： | 为合理评价土壤中重金属的污染程度，采用方格网法采集南京城市绿地表层土壤（深度为0~15 cm）样品共计180个，对Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr等5种重金属和类金属As的质量分数进行测定，引入Hakanson毒性响应系数，用于体现重金属毒理性质；对传统的超标赋权法进行修正，体现重金属潜在危害程度；采用物元可拓模型对其综合污染水平进行评价，并与传统的內梅罗综合污染指数法进行比较.结果表明:通过Hakanson毒性响应系数修正后的重金属权重发生了不同程度的调整，其中Zn、Cr、Cu、Pb和As的权重分别下降了92.9%、85.1%、68.9%、61.5%和23.2%，而毒性高的Cd的权重则上升130.0%，充分体现了重金属毒理性质；物元可拓方法模型评价结果显示，南京城市绿地土壤重金属污染等级值为2.481，处于Ⅲ级（轻度污染）水平，但部分采样点污染值高，处于Ⅳ级（中度污染）水平，通过对研究区的污染值进行空间插值发现，中度污染集中在研究区域的北部交通密集区和西部工业密集区，人为污染严重.研究显示，物元可拓模型的评价结果与内梅罗综合污染指数法的评价结果基本一致，且更为精确，适用于土壤重金属污染的评价.
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| 关 键 词： | 城市绿地土壤 重金属 物元可拓模型 污染评价 南京市 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/1/4 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018/3/21 0:00:00 |
Pollution Assessment of Heavy Metals in Urban Green Land Soils in Nanjing City based on the Matter-Element Extension Model |
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| ZHANG Junye,LIU Xiaodong,PANG Shaodong and YU Yuanchun.Pollution Assessment of Heavy Metals in Urban Green Land Soils in Nanjing City based on the Matter-Element Extension Model[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2018,31(9):1572-1579. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Junye LIU Xiaodong PANG Shaodong and YU Yuanchun |
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| Affiliation: | 1.College of Biology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China2.Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China3.Henan Polytechnic, Zhengzhou 450046, China |
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| Abstract: | In order to reasonably evaluate heavy metal pollution in urban green land soils, 180 soil samples (0-15 cm depth) from the surface of urban green land in Nanjing were collected based on the grid method, and the contents of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Cd and As were measured. Hakanson toxic response coefficient in the system were used to show the toxicology properties of the heavy metals. A modified traditional overweighting method was used to show the potential harm from heavy metals. The matter-element extension model was used to evaluate the comprehensive pollution level of 6 kinds of heavy metals, the assessment result of which was compared with that of the Nemerrow pollution index method. Results showed that the weights of heavy metals as amended by the Hakanson toxic response coefficients were adjusted to some extent; among them, the weights of Zn, Cr, Cu, Pb and As decreased by 92.9%, 85.1%, 68.9%, 61.5% and 23.2%, respectively, whereas the weight of Cd, with high toxicity, increased about 130%, which more fully reflects the toxicological properties of the heavy metals. Evaluation of the matter-element extension model showed that the pollution value due to heavy metals from Nanjing urban green land soils was 2.481, at level Ⅲ (light pollution), but some samples had higher pollution values, at level Ⅳ (moderate pollution). The spatial interpolation of pollution values showed that the moderate pollution was concentrated in the northern traffic-intensive areas and western industry-intensive areas, with serious man-made pollution. The evaluation of the matter-element extension model was basically consistent with the assessment by the Nemerrow pollution index method, and was more accurate, which verified the reliability of the matter-element extension model in soil heavy metal pollution assessment. |
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| Keywords: | urban green land soil heavy metals matter-element extension pollution assessment Nanjing City |
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