| 水环境中新兴污染物三氯蔗糖的研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 马晓雁,余齐,黄富,宋亚丽,陆思嘉,朱世翠,高乃云.水环境中新兴污染物三氯蔗糖的研究进展[J].环境科学研究,2018,31(9):1495-1503. |
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| 作者姓名： | 马晓雁 余齐 黄富 宋亚丽 陆思嘉 朱世翠 高乃云 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.浙江工业大学建筑工程学院, 浙江 杭州 310014 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（No.51678527，51208468）；浙江省自然科学基金项目（No.LY16E080007） |
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| 摘 要： | 人工甜味剂——三氯蔗糖（sucralose，SUC）是一种应用广泛的食品添加剂，因其在水环境中被广泛检出，且具有高极性、持久性等特点，被US EPA（美国环境保护局）列为新兴污染物（emerging contaminant，EC），相关检测、降解及毒理学研究逐渐增多.在比较了水环境中微量三氯蔗糖检测方法，总结了其在各地水环境中检出情况的基础上，重点阐述水处理工艺中三氯蔗糖的控制及转化.研究表明:固相萃取-液质联用（SPE-LC/MS）是检测水环境中人工甜味剂最常用的方法，可实现痕量三氯蔗糖的准确定性和定量，检测限低至几ng/L.以生物处理为主的污水处理工艺对三氯蔗糖降解效果甚微，大部分三氯蔗糖随排放进入水环境，继而进入饮用水处理及供水系统.欧美地区污水及地表水环境中三氯蔗糖检出浓度约为几至几十μg/L，饮用水中约为几百ng/L，国内水环境中检出水平与之相当，但资料数据相对匮乏.饮用水常规处理工艺对三氯蔗糖几乎没有控制效果，实际处理系统中氯和臭氧等氧化工艺控制效果甚微.试验研究中以产生羟基自由基、硫酸自由基等为主的高级氧化工艺可有效降解三氯蔗糖，但由于成本高，操作条件限制等难以大规模应用，此外三氯蔗糖降解过程中可能产生有害副产物.我国已经成为三氯蔗糖的第二大产地，人工甜味剂生产及使用规模大，理论上国内存在水环境污染范围广、污染水平高的分布特征，是水源中不容忽视的一类微量有机污染物.目前国内净水厂推广应用以臭氧为主的深度处理工艺，但三氯蔗糖在该工艺中因不完全降解可能导致多种含氯或脱氯产物的产生，对饮用水供水安全具有潜在威胁.
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| 关 键 词： | 新兴污染物 水环境 三氯蔗糖 降解转化 饮用水水质安全 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017/11/5 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2018/6/7 0:00:00 |
Research Advances on the Emerging Contaminants Sucralose in Aqueous System |
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| MA Xiaoyan,YU Qi,HUANG Fu,SONG Yali,LU Siji,ZHU Shicui and GAO Naiyun.Research Advances on the Emerging Contaminants Sucralose in Aqueous System[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2018,31(9):1495-1503. |
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| Authors: | MA Xiaoyan YU Qi HUANG Fu SONG Yali LU Siji ZHU Shicui and GAO Naiyun |
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| Affiliation: | 1.College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China2.School of Civil Enginneering and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China3.College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China |
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| Abstract: | Sucralose is an artificial sweetener commonly used as a food additive. Characterized with high hydrophilicity and outstanding persistence, sucralose has been recognized as an emerging contaminant by the EPA in recent years. Its ubiquitous occurrence in aqueous environments arouses increased research on sucralose detection, degradation, and ecotoxicological effects. This review focuses on detection methods, occurrence, and control technologies for sucralose in natural and engineered aqueous systems. Solid phase extraction-liquid chromatography-mass spectrum is the most popular method for sucralose quantification and it has low ng/L detection limits. Sucralose in sewage is not effectively biologically degraded, thus it enters surface waters and then drinking water systems. In Europe and North America, low μg/L sucralose are found in sewage systems and surface waters, while hundreds of ng/L are reported in drinking water. Although limited data are reported for China, similar concentrations were obtained. Sucralose cannot be removed by conventional treatment systems, as there is limited degradation by chlorine or ozone. While sucralose can be effectively degraded by advanced technologies based on hydroxyl radical and sulfate radical, although these technologies are infrequently used in treatment systems because of their cost and complicated operation, and formation of byproducts that may enhance the toxicity of treated water. Nowadays, insufficient attention is put on artificial sweeteners as emerging contaminants in China. However, artificial sweeteners are widely used in China so theoretically sucralose is a widespread and high-level pollutant in aqueous systems in our country, Moreover, since ozonation and chlorination are commonly applied in Chinese water treatment systems, the risk of incomplete degradation products of sucralose, such as chlorinated byproducts, may threaten drinking water safety in the future. |
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| Keywords: | emerging contaminants aqueous system sucralose degradation and transformation drinking water safety |
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