| “散乱污”企业遥感动态监管技术及应用 |
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| 引用本文： | 王桥,厉青,王中挺,平凡,乔琦,陈国强,谢品华,陈辉,赵爱梅,左德山,胡肇焜.“散乱污”企业遥感动态监管技术及应用[J].环境科学研究,2021,34(3):511-522. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王桥 厉青 王中挺 平凡 乔琦 陈国强 谢品华 陈辉 赵爱梅 左德山 胡肇焜 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.生态环境部卫星环境应用中心, 国家环境保护卫星遥感重点实验室, 北京 100094 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（No.2017YFB0503900）；大气重污染成因与治理攻关项目（No.DQGG0205） |
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| 摘 要： | 针对京津冀及周边等大气污染重点地区“散乱污”企业监管缺乏有效技术手段的问题，以卫星遥感技术为基础，综合利用地面站点空气质量监测、车载走航遥测技术、污染源在线监测等多种技术手段，建立了一套“散乱污”企业动态监测与整治效果评估的方法体系，并以京津冀及周边大气污染重点区域“2+26”城市中的廊坊市为典型示范区开展了应用.结果表明:①基于卫星遥感建立的大气污染指数模型及重点关注网格可以很好地指示“散乱污”企业重点集聚区，2018年3月廊坊市在重点关注网格内识别出疑似“散乱污”企业42处.②廊坊市“散乱污”企业PM2.5和NO2的整治效果明显，与2017年相比，2018年其对全市PM2.5浓度和NO2对流层柱浓度下降的贡献率分别达11.14%和5.95%.③廊坊市“散乱污”企业分布及整治效果核查验证表明，建立的“散乱污”企业识别方法有效，污染企业识别率达79%，“散乱污”企业整治效果明显，待核验的42处疑似企业中已拆除或关停的企业有14家，其他为中小型企业.车载走航遥测技术可以有效配合现场核验，核验的疑似“散乱污”企业沿线中因“散乱污”企业已整治完毕，现场观测显示污染程度较低.研究显示，建立的“散乱污”企业动态监管技术，不仅可以掌握“散乱污”企业区域污染分布规律，而且可以有效提取重点监管目标及评估管控效果，解决了目前“散乱污”企业监管技术手段缺乏的问题，并可应用于中小企业的监管，对提升我国大气环境精准治污、科学治污水平意义重大.
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| 关 键 词： | “散乱污”企业 卫星遥感 动态监管 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020/9/7 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021/2/5 0:00:00 |
Dynamic Supervision Technology and Application of 'Dispersed,Disordered and Polluted' Enterprises Based on Remote Sensing |
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| WANG Qiao,LI Qing,WANG Zhongting,PING Fan,QIAO Qi,CHEN Guoqiang,XIE Pinhu,CHEN Hui,ZHAO Aimei,ZUO Deshan,HU Zhaokun.Dynamic Supervision Technology and Application of 'Dispersed,Disordered and Polluted' Enterprises Based on Remote Sensing[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2021,34(3):511-522. |
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| Authors: | WANG Qiao LI Qing WANG Zhongting PING Fan QIAO Qi CHEN Guoqiang XIE Pinhu CHEN Hui ZHAO Aimei ZUO Deshan HU Zhaokun |
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| Affiliation: | State Environmental Protection Key Lab of Satellite Remote Sensing, Ministry of Ecology and Environment Center for Satellite Application on Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100094, China;Institute of Beijing Remote Sensing Information, Beijing 100192, China;Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China;Beijing General Research Institute of Mining & Metallurgy, Beijing 100160, China;Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics & Technology, Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China |
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| Abstract: | In view of the lack of effective supervision technical measures in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and its surrounding areas and other major pollution areas in China, based on satellite remote sensing, ground air quality monitoring, telemetry technology of vehicle navigation, pollution source online monitoring and other technical means, a set of methods for monitoring and evaluation of 'Dispersed, Disordered and Polluted' enterprises has been developed for the first time. Langfang City, as a typical city in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region and surrounding areas, was selected to carry out the demonstration applications, the results are as follows: (1) The Remote Sensing Air Pollution Index model and the key focus grids established based on satellite remote sensing could well indicate the major concentration areas of pollution enterprises. In March 2018, 42 suspected 'Dispersed, Disordered and Polluted' enterprises were found. (2) The remediation effect of PM2.5 and nitrogen dioxide in the 'Dispersed, Disordered and Polluted' enterprises in Langfang City was obvious. Compared with 2017, the PM2.5 concentration and nitrogen dioxide column concentration contributed by these enterprises decreased by 11.14% and 5.95% respectively. The verification of the distribution and remediation effect of the 'Dispersed, Disordered and Polluted' enterprises in Langfang City shows that the identification method of 'Dispersed, Disordered and Polluted' enterprises established in this paper was effective, the identification rate of pollution enterprises reached 79%. Among the 42 suspected enterprises verified, 14 enterprises were demolished or shut down, others were small and medium-sized enterprises. Telemetry technology of vehicle navigation observation could effectively cooperate with the field inspection, which shows that the pollution level of the suspected 'Dispersed, Disordered and Polluted' enterprises in the inspection area was low due to the effective remediation of these enterprises. The research shows that the established dynamic identification and evaluation methods of 'Dispersed, Disordered and Polluted' enterprises can not only help understand the regional pollution distribution of 'Dispersed, Disordered and Polluted' enterprises, but also effectively extract the main regulatory objectives and evaluate the control effect. The methods established in this study solve the problem of 'Dispersed, Disordered and Polluted' enterprises that lack of technical supervision methods, and can also be applied to the supervision of small and medium-sized enterprises, which is of great significance to improve the accuracy and scientific level of air pollution control in China. |
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