| 滦河秋季大型底栖动物群落结构空间格局与关键环境影响因子识别 |
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| 引用本文： | 沈月含,丁森,王慧,代阳,安瑞永,张晓娇,高欣.滦河秋季大型底栖动物群落结构空间格局与关键环境影响因子识别[J].环境科学研究,2020,33(10):2298-2307. |
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| 作者姓名： | 沈月含 丁森 王慧 代阳 安瑞永 张晓娇 高欣 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.河北师范大学生命科学学院, 河北 石家庄 050024 |
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| 基金项目： | 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项（No.2020YSKY-003） |
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| 摘 要： | 掌握水生生物的空间分布特征及其关键影响因子是科学制定生物多样性保护策略的基础.于2016年秋季对滦河53个样点开展了大型底栖动物和环境因子的现场调查，分析了大型底栖动物群落结构与空间分布特征，并识别出影响大型底栖动物物种空间分布的关键环境因子.结果表明:①滦河（河北省）共采集并鉴定出大型底栖动物206种，隶属于8纲22目70科144属，以纹石蚕（Hydropsyche sp.）和东方蜉蝣（Ephemera orientalis）为优势种.②根据滦河大型底栖动物群落结构相似性，53个样点在空间上被分为3组.第1组分布在滦河干流的中下游及支流下游，无指示物种；第2组分布在支流上游，指示种为纹石蚕、朝大蚊（Antocha sp.）和中华小长臂虾（Palaemonetes sinensis）；第3组分布在滦河干流中上游，指示种为东方蜉蝣和中华齿米虾（Neocaridina denticulate sinensis）.③第3组的分类单元数显著高于第1组和第2组；第1组的多样性指数显著高于第2组；第1组的均匀度指数显著高于其他2组.单因素方差分析（one-way ANOVA）发现，pH、TN、底质、河道变化、水质状况和河岸土地利用类型等环境因子在第2组与第3组之间差异显著，第2组明显高于第3组.典范对应分析（CCA）表明，栖境复杂性、河水水量状况和河岸土地利用类型是影响滦河大型底栖动物空间分布的关键环境因子.研究显示，降低河岸带干扰强度、恢复河道生境多样性是未来滦河大型底栖动物多样性保护恢复的重要管理措施.
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| 关 键 词： | 滦河 大型底栖动物 空间异质性 环境因子 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019/10/11 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020/2/14 0:00:00 |
Spatial Pattern of Macroinvertebrates Community Structure and Identification of Key Environmental Factors in Luanhe River in Autumn |
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| SHEN Yuehan,DING Sen,WANG Hui,DAI Yang,AN Ruiyong,ZHANG Xiaojiao,GAO Xin.Spatial Pattern of Macroinvertebrates Community Structure and Identification of Key Environmental Factors in Luanhe River in Autumn[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2020,33(10):2298-2307. |
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| Authors: | SHEN Yuehan DING Sen WANG Hui DAI Yang AN Ruiyong ZHANG Xiaojiao GAO Xin |
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| Affiliation: | 1.College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China2.State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China |
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| Abstract: | Determining the spatial distribution characteristics of aquatic organisms and the key affecting factors are the scientific basis for developing biodiversity conservation strategies. Field investigations of macroinvertebrates and environmental factors were carried out at 53 sites in the Luanhe River in autumn, 2016. The community structure and spatial distribution characteristics of macroinvertebrates were analyzed, and the key environmental factors affecting the spatial distribution of macroinvertebrates were identified in this study. The results showed that:(1) A total of 206 macroinvertebrates taxa were identified belonged to 8 classes, 22 orders, 70 families and 144 genus in Luanhe (Hebei Province). Hydropsyche sp. and Ephemera orientalis were the dominant species in the Luanhe River. (2) According to the similarity of the macroinvertebrates community structure, 53 sites were divided into three groups spatially. The first group (G1) with no indicator species was distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the main stem of Luanhe River and the lower reaches of the tributary. The second group (G2) was distributed in the upstream of the tributary, and the indicator species were Hydropsyche sp., Antocha sp. and Palaemonetes sinensis. The third group (G3) was mainly distributed in the middle and up reaches of the main streams. The indicator species were Ephemera orientalis and Neocaridina denticulate sinensis. (3) The taxa number of G3 was significantly higher than that of G1 and G2, the diversity index of G1 was significantly higher than that of G2, and the Pielou evenness index of G1 was significantly high than that of the other two groups, respectively. One-way ANOVA analysis found that environmental indices such as pH, TN and sediment quality, river channel changes, water quality and river bank land use types were significantly different between G2 and G3, and these indices of G2 were significantly higher than those of G3. The result of canonical correspondence analysis showed that habitat complexity, flow conditions and riparian land-use were screened as the key environmental factors affecting the spatial distribution of macroinvertebrates in the Luanhe River. Reducing riparian disturbance and restoring channel habitats are key management strategies for conservation and restoration of macroinvertebrate diversity of Luanhe River in the future. |
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| Keywords: | Luanhe River macroinvertebrate spatial heterogeneity environmental factor |
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