| 环渤海经济区海域船舶大气污染物排放特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘跃,陈俊峰,田玉军,王征.环渤海经济区海域船舶大气污染物排放特征[J].环境科学研究,2021,34(3):523-530. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘跃 陈俊峰 田玉军 王征 |
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| 作者单位： | 大连海事大学环境科学与工程学院,辽宁 大连 116026;大连海事大学环境科学与工程学院,辽宁 大连 116026;交通运输部水运科学研究院,北京 100088;交通运输部水运科学研究院,北京 100088 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（No.2016YFC0208302） |
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| 摘 要： | 环渤海经济区是我国重点打造的7个跨省（区、市）的经济区域之一，也是我国北方大气污染控制重点区域和主要航运发展区域.随着陆上污染物减排力度的不断加强，环渤海经济区周边海域船舶大气污染日益受到各界关注.为分析环渤海经济区周边海域船舶大气污染物排放特征，采用船舶AIS（Automatic Identification System，自动识别系统）数据、国内外船舶登记注册数据，利用基于AIS的动力法计算了环渤海经济区周边海域船舶大气污染物排放清单.结果表明:2017年环渤海经济区船舶SOx、NOx、PM10、HC和CO的排放量分别为26.18×104、41.12×104、3.48×104、1.13×104和2.66×104 t；船舶大气污染物排放主要在低速航行、巡航和系泊工况下产生，低速航行下SOx、NOx、PM10、HC、CO的分担率较大，分别为45.56%、48.79%、46.55%、48.68%、47.00%，系泊工况下SOx、NOx、PM10、HC和CO的排放量分别为5.06×104、6.86×104、0.67×104、0.19×104和0.51×104 t，因此，推进靠港船舶使用岸电等举措具有良好的减排效果.船舶使用硫含量（以质量分数计）为0.5%和0.1%的燃料油后，SOx排放量分别减少81.47%和96.29%，可见船舶使用低硫油时SOx减排效果显著.研究显示，禁止船舶在航行时使用高硫油、要求船舶靠港前换烧低硫油、提高港口岸电覆盖率、加大靠港船舶使用岸电力度是环渤海经济区周边海域船舶大气污染物减排的有效措施.
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| 关 键 词： | 环渤海经济区 船舶 大气污染物 动力法 排放特征 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020/2/20 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020/4/22 0:00:00 |
Emission Characteristics of Atmospheric Pollutants from Ships in Sea Area Around Circum-Bohai Sea Economic Zone |
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| LIU Yue,CHEN Junfeng,TIAN Yujun,WANG Zheng.Emission Characteristics of Atmospheric Pollutants from Ships in Sea Area Around Circum-Bohai Sea Economic Zone[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2021,34(3):523-530. |
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| Authors: | LIU Yue CHEN Junfeng TIAN Yujun WANG Zheng |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Environmental Science and Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China2.China Waterborne Transport Research Institute, Beijing 100088, China |
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| Abstract: | The Circum-Bohai Sea Economic Zone is one of the seven trans-provincial economic regions that China is constructing and it is also a key region for atmospheric pollution control and a major shipping development region in northern China. With the continuous reduction of land-based pollutant emissions, the atmospheric pollutants from ships in the sea area around the Circum-Bohai Sea Economic Zone have attracted increasingly attention nationwide. In order to analyze the emission characteristics of atmospheric pollutants from ships in the sea area around the Circum-Bohai Sea Economic Zone, the Automatic Identification System (AIS) based dynamic method was used to calculate the ship's atmospheric pollutant emission inventory with the AIS data and the domestic and foreign ship registration data. The results show that the emissions of SOx, NOx, PM10, HC and CO from ships in the sea area around the Circum-Bohai Sea Economic Zone in 2017 were 261, 800, 411, 200, 34, 800, 11, 300 and 26, 600 tons, respectively, which were mainly produced under low-speed cruising, cruising and mooring. The emissions under low-speed cruising were large, and the contributions of SOx, NOx, PM10, HC and CO were 45.56%, 48.79%, 46.55%, 48.68% and 47.00%, respectively. The emissions of SOx, NOx, PM10, HC and CO under mooring were 50, 600, 68, 600, 6, 700, 1, 900 and 5, 100 tons, respectively. Therefore, promoting the usage of shore power by berthing ships can effectively reduce atmospheric pollution. Using fuel oil with sulfur content (in mass fraction) of 0.5% and 0.1% can reduce SOx emissions by 81.47% and 96.29%, respectively, therefore, switching to low-sulfur oil has a significant effect on SOx reduction. The research shows that prohibiting the usage of high-sulfur oil during navigation, switching to low-sulfur oil before berthing, increasing the shore power coverage and usage are effective measures to reduce atmospheric pollutants from ships in the sea area around the Circum-Bohai Sea Economic Zone. |
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| Keywords: | Circum-Bohai Sea Economic Zone ship atmospheric pollutants dynamic method emission characteristics |
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