| 四川盆地冬季两次典型大气污染过程对比分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨景朝,陶勇,杜云松,肖递祥,张超,王成鑫,谢鹏宇,马振峰.四川盆地冬季两次典型大气污染过程对比分析[J].环境科学研究,2021,34(8):1792-1801. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨景朝 陶勇 杜云松 肖递祥 张超 王成鑫 谢鹏宇 马振峰 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国气象局成都高原气象研究所, 四川 成都 610072 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国气象局科技创新发展项目CXFZ2021J018国家自然科学基金重大研究计划重点支持项目91644226中国气象局预报员专项CMAYBY2020-112 |
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| 摘 要： | 为探究四川盆地冬季污染天气过程气溶胶分布和垂直气象场特征，利用MODIS MCD19A2大气气溶胶光学厚度数据、实况格点融合分析数据、环境空气质量监测数据以及探空气象观测数据，对四川盆地2017年12月19日—2018年1月3日以及2018年1月11—24日两次污染天气过程的气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)空间分布以及气象条件进行分析.结果表明:①四川盆地冬季两次污染天气过程中，成都市一直为AOD高值区.②霾天气过程(2018年1月11—23日)中，四川盆地AOD高值区分布区域更广，高低空环流形势稳定，混合层高度偏低，近地层逆温和高湿环境均有利于霾天气的形成与持续.③沙尘天气过程(2017年12月29日—2018年1月1日)中，四川盆地AOD值呈“南高北低”的空间分布特征；冷空气携带沙尘气溶胶自北向南影响四川盆地，对混合层高度有小幅抬升作用，空气质量得到轻微改善；但混合层高度始终偏低，干冷空气使近地层相对湿度下降，本地气溶胶粒子数减少，但沙尘气溶胶粒子数增加，伴随近地层逆温稳定维持，有利于沙尘天气的形成与持续.研究显示，冬季四川盆地混合层高度偏低、近地层逆温稳定维持，均不利于气溶胶粒子垂直扩散，导致四川盆地易出现污染天气.
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| 关 键 词： | 四川盆地 污染 MODIS 混合层高度 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-12-15 |
Comparative Analysis of Two Typical Air Pollution Processes in Sichuan Basin in Winter |
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| Abstract: | This study explored the aerosol distribution and vertical meteorological field characteristics during hazy days in the Sichuan Basin. The spatial distribution of AOD and meteorological conditions of two pollution weather processes from December 19th, 2017 to January 3rd, 2018 and from January 11st to 24th, 2018 were analyzed. Comprehensive analysis of MODIS MCD19A2 atmospheric aerosol optical thickness data, live lattice fusion analysis data, air quality monitoring data, and the meteorologic observation data were conducted. The results show that: (1) Chengdu was a high AOD area during the study period. (2) During the haze weather from January 11st to 23rd, 2018, high AOD areas were widely distributed in the Sichuan Basin. The high and low altitude circulation situation was stable, and the height of the mixing layer was low. The surface inversion and high humidity environment were conducive to the formation and persistence of haze weather. (3) During the dust weather process from December 29th, 2017 to January 1st, 2018, the AOD value in the Sichuan Basin showed a spatial distribution characteristic of 'high in the south and low in the north'. The dust aerosol carried by cold air moved from north to south, which caused a slight lifting effect on the mixing layer height, and the air quality is improved slightly. However, the mixing layer height was always on the low side. The dry and cold air restrained the relative humidity of the surface layer, and the local aerosol concentration decreased. In contrast, the concentration of dust aerosol particles increased with the stable surface inversion, resulting in the formation and persistence of dust weather. Our research indicated that the vertical diffusion of aerosol particles was hindered by the low mixing layer height and the stable inversion of the surface layer. Therefore, hazy weather tends to occur in winter in the Sichuan Basin. |
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