| 磷酸盐和钙的添加对Bacillus C075矿化重金属Pb的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 汤鼎,王晖,姜毅,赵兴青.磷酸盐和钙的添加对Bacillus C075矿化重金属Pb的影响[J].环境科学研究,2021,34(8):1971-1980. |
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| 作者姓名： | 汤鼎 王晖 姜毅 赵兴青 |
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| 作者单位： | 常州大学环境与安全工程学院, 江苏 常州 213164 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目41302025国家自然科学基金项目41541016 |
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| 摘 要： | 通过加入磷酸盐（P）和钙（Ca），促进菌株矿化铅（Pb）形成稳定的矿化物，从而降低环境中Pb的污染.该研究从矿区周边重金属污染土壤中筛选出的一株对Pb耐受的菌株Bacillus C075，在进行微生物矿化重金属的试验中加入P和Ca，以了解P和Ca的添加对菌株矿化Pb的影响.结果表明:P添加对菌株生长没有影响，当添加c（Ca2+）为10 mmol/L时菌株生长状况最佳且增强了菌株对Pb的耐受性，P和Ca的添加均能提高菌株对Pb的矿化率，矿化率分别增加了23.6%和56.9%.矿化过程中动力学曲线测得Km（米氏常数）为271.53 μmol/L，Vmax（最大酶促反应速率）为109.53 mg/（h·g），表明该菌株磷酸酶活性良好，有利于矿化反应进行.FT-IR和XRD图谱分析表明，不添加或单独添加P，生成的矿化产物均为Pb5（PO4）3OH，但P的添加增加了菌株表面吸附面积和吸附位点，提高了矿化率.同时添加P和Ca后出现更稳定的矿化产物Ca2Pb8（PO4）6（OH）2，P和Ca的添加使生成的矿化物更加稳定和致密，并且提高了菌株对Pb的耐受性及矿化率.研究显示，P和Ca的添加能够提高菌株对重金属Pb的矿化率并生成稳定的矿化物，可为提高微生物矿化修复重金属Pb污染提供参考.
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| 关 键 词： | 铅 磷酸盐 钙 生物矿化 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-10-13 |
Effects of Phosphate and Calcium Addition on Mineralization of Lead by Bacillus C075 |
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| Affiliation: | School of Environmental and Safety Engineering of Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China |
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| Abstract: | The addition of phosphate (P) and calcium (Ca) in the mineralization process of lead (Pb) by microorganisms can promote the formation of stable mineralization product of Pb, and therefore effectively reduce Pb pollution in the environment. In this study, a Pb-tolerant strain, Bacillus C075, was selected from the soil contaminated by heavy metals around a mining area. P and Ca were added to the Pb-microbial-mineralization process in order to understand the effects of P and Ca on Pb mineralization. The results showed that phosphate had no obvious effect on the growth of the strain. When the Ca2+ concentration was 10 mmol/L, the strain could get optimum growth condition and the tolerance of the strain to Pb was enhanced. The addition of P and Ca could increase the Pb mineralization rate by 23.6% and 56.9%, respectively. During the mineralization process, the Km (Michaelis constant) measured by the kinetic curve was 271.53 μmol/L, and the Vmax (maximum enzymatic reaction rate) was 109.53 mg/(h·g), indicating that the strain had good phosphatase activity, which was beneficial to the mineralization process. The FT-IR and XRD patterns showed that the mineralization products with or without P addition were Pb5(PO4)3OH, but the addition of P increased the adsorption area and adsorption sites on the surface of the strain, and improved the mineralization rate. After adding P and Ca at the same time, a more stable mineralization product Ca2Pb8(PO4)6(OH)2 appeared. The addition of P and Ca could make the resulting mineralization products more stable and compact, therefore improving the strain's tolerance to Pb and the mineralization efficiency. This study shows that the addition of P and Ca can increase the mineralization rate of Pb by the strain and generate a stable mineral, which provides a reference for improving microbial mineralization and remediation of Pb. |
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